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An economical analysis for the impact of exchange rate changes on the rate of inflation in Egypt

Dr. Al-Hussein Khalil El-Noby, Dr. Noura Mamdouh Tantawy, Dr. Mohamed Fawzy El-Dnasury

 Agricultural Economics Research Institute- Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: mdnasury@gmail.com

Abstract: The research aimed to measure the impact of exchange rate changes on the rate of inflation in Egypt, through; (1) Study the evolution of the nominal exchange rate of the EGP against the dollar and annual inflation indicators during the period (2000-2019), (2) Create a standard model to measure the exchange rate change effect on the inflation rate. The research depends on the use of some descriptive and quantitative statistical analysis methods, and specifically; (1) Time series tests, which include: Dickey-Fuller test, and Co-Integration test for Johansen and Jusellius, (2) Vector error correcting model, (3) The model quality tests, which include: LM test, and Jarque-Bura test, (4) Granger Causality test. The research is based on published secondary data from the websites of the international information network represented by the FAO and World Bank, and the data was analyzed on the computer using the two programs SPSS_V.16, Eviews_V.10.

[Al-Hussein Khalil El-Noby,  Noura Mamdouh Tantawy, Mohamed Fawzy El-Dnasury. An economical analysis for the impact of exchange rate changes on the rate of inflation in Egypt. J Am Sci 2021;17(11):1-14]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.01.

Keywords: Exchange rate, Inflation, Co-Integration, Error Correction Model, Granger Causality and Egypt

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The Potential Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Meal In The Diets Of Growing Quails (Cotunix Cotunix)

Popoola¹ Y. A., Owosibo² O. A, Banjoko², O. J., Fayenuwo¹ O.J., Omole¹ A. J.

1 Obafemi Awolowo University, Institute of Agricultural Research and Training Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria

2 Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria

omoleboye@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effect of inclusion of Moringa leaf meal in the diets of 2weeks quails on growth and blood indices. Two hundred and forty, 2weeks quails were randomly assigned to four treatment groups. The treatment groups were M₁, M₂, M₃ and M₄ which contained 0, 1, 2 and 3 % inclusion of Moringa leaf meal (MOLM) respectively.. Completely randomized design was used for the trial and each treatment was replicated thrice with 20 quails per replicate. Feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, blood indices among others were data collected. The mean total feed intake was not significantly affected by the varying inclusion of MOLM in the diet (P>0.05). Significant differences were observed in the mean weight gain (P<0.05) The mean total weight gain of the quails was better in the diet containing MOLM. The lowest weight was recorded in the control treatment. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was better in the diet containing 3% inclusion level of MOLM. The heart weight in all the treatments showed no significant differences as observed in Table 3 (P>0.05). The liver weight and the lung weight across the treatment were not also affected by dietary treatments (P>0.05). The dressing percentage was significantly influenced the inclusion of MOLM in the diets. Birds fed diet containing MOLM showed significant increase in the dressing percentage. The blood calcium was significantly influenced the dietary treatments (P<0.05). The blood calcium increased progressively as the level of MOLM increased from 0 to 3% in the diets. The blood magnesium also followed the same trend with Blood calcium. It could be concluded that inclusion of Moringa leaf in the diet of quails improved the weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and dressing percentage.

[Popoola Y. A., Owosibo O. A, Banjoko , O. J., Fayenuwo O.J., Omole A. J. The Potential Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Meal In The Diets Of Growing Quails (Cotunix Cotunix) J Am Sci 2021;17(11):15-19]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.02.

Keywords: Quails, blood protein, dressing percentage, supplementation, weight gain

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The Relationship between Religion and Culture with an Emphasis on Jurisditional Effects

Reza Ali Karami, Ph.D.

Department of Theology, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: A consensus exists among researchers, especially in the Post-Secularism period, that “religion” is the most significant, or relative to other societies and concerning their size, one of the most important sources of culture production, even in the modern world. A religious prospective to different phenomenon has been a common concern for human beings. The present paper examines the relationship between culture and religion and the effect of jurisprudence on the relationship. Determining the meaning of religion and culture, the realm of religion and culture, and the origin of them is the most important issue which influences the discovery of the relationship between culture and religion and the effect of jurisprudence on it. So, we first define religion and culture and discuss the relation between them concerning the definitions given. In the discussion on religion and culture, from among significant approaches, the “objective evidence” approach was dealt with and then the relationship between jurisprudence with will be discussed.

[Reza Ali Karami. The Relationship between Religion and Culture with an Emphasis on Jurisdictional Effects. J Am Sci 2021;17(11):20-29]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.03.

Keywords: Religion, Culture, Jurisprudence, Jurisprudence Realm, Religion Origin, Culture Origin

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Optimal Strategy of Tourism Development for Rural Economic Development (By using SWOT Matrix)

Shadi Hosseini

Master of Geopolitics, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran

shadihosseini61@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper is regarded as an applied research in terms of objective and a descriptive research in terms of method in which a questionnaire has been designed based on the research goals and hypotheses and sent to the statistical universe. Also it is a field research in terms of data collection. As regards theoretical bases, library data collection method has been used. So, data has been gathered by referring to the related references, books, libraries, and so on. During research implementation, field method has been used to design the questionnaire and gather the opinions of the statistical universe members. The statistical universe comprises experts and managers of transport companies of tourism destination, passengers of tourism destination in the course of questioning period, and residents of tourism destination. To access these persons, we referred to the terminals in Tehran, Chalus, and Kelardasht, and the sample was selected by using simple random sampling method. Also to estimate sample size, Morgan table was applied. The number of universe was estimated 70 and according to the table, the number of questionnaires was determined 59. So 65 questionnaires were sent and 60 questionnaires were returned. This paper applied SWOT matrix method for determining strategic zone of tourism destination. Sub- strategies of the offensive zone were prioritized by using AHP method. The main result of this paper indicates that Kelardasht is located at the offensive strategies zone according to the SWOT matrix, and among sub- strategies, the strategy of "establishment of a fund to support and manage attractive zones of tourism destination and visit taxes" has the first priority among four introduced strategies.

[Shadi Hosseini. Optimal Strategy of Tourism Development for Rural Economic Development (By using SWOT Matrix). J Am Sci 2021;17(11):30-37]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.04.

Key words : Strategy formulation, rural tourism, economic development

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Investigation of Plant diversity in natural and plantation alder stands

S. A. Rezaei Taleshi

Assistant Professor of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Mazandaran, Iran

rezaietaleshi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Diversity index is the best criteria for evaluating sustainability of forest ecosystems. Current study carried out in Alder (Alnus subcordata C. A. Meyer) stands that located in north forests of Iran. The aim of the study is express the plant diversity indices and positive role of the trees both natural and plantation forms. Data of Alder trees and associated species were recorded in sample plots which lay down in study area randomly. The abundance, density, percentage of frequency of each species was calculated by standard methods. The results of analysis revealed that, 47 species (21 trees and shrubs species and 26 herbaceous species) were abundant in 80 sample plots both in natural and plantations Alder stands. Whilst the results showed that the number of species in natural area (44 species) was more than plantation stands (37 species). Comparison of species distribution in different physiographical situation showed that some species such as Alnus subcordata, Parrotia persica, Rubus hyrcanus and Prunus sp recorded in spread rang of physiographic variables as elevation, slopes and aspects. The biodiversity criteria as Shannon H’ and Simpsons D and 1/D indexes showed that they were more in natural stands than plantation areas. 

[Rezaei Taleshi S. A. Investigation of Plant diversity in natural and plantation alder stands. 2021;17(11):38-53]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5.

doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.05.

Key words: Forest, North of Iran, Alder, Alnus subcordata, Plant diversity

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Using Auto-Associative Neural Network for sensor fault diagnosis

Sayyed Hamidreza Mousavi, Mehdi Shahbazian

Department of Automation and Instrumentation, Petroleum University of Technology, Ahwaz, Iran

musavi.hamidreza@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper the Enhanced Auto-associative Neural Network (E-AANN) algorithm is used for sensor fault diagnosis. First Auto-associative neural network (AANN) is trained and is tested using healthy data and then is used as the main body of the E-AANN algorithm. The Algorithm is tested for faulty data. Squared Prediction Error (SPE) as monitoring index is used for monitoring the process condition. When a fault is occurred, the upper control limit of SPE is exceeded which show that a fault has been occurred. Then the E-AANN is applied which isolate and also reconstruct the faulty sensor. This E-AANN is used for single faulty sensor condition. The method is applied to a Continues Stirred Tank Heater (CSTH).

[Sayyed Hamidreza Mousavi, Mehdi Shahbazian. Using Auto-Associative Neural Network for sensor fault diagnosis. 2021;17(11):54-64]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.06.

Keywords: Auto-Associative neural networks, sensor fault, fault diagnostics

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Water Coning Study In One of The Iranian Gas Reservoirs, Factors Affecting and Problems

Farshad Jafari¹, Abbas Helalizadeh²

1.       Petroleum University of Technology, Ahvaz, Iran

2.       Petroleum University of Technology, Ahvaz, Iran

farshadj67@gmail.com

Abstract: The coning phenomenon usually occurs in water and gas cap drive reservoirs. Water coning in Iranian hydrocarbon reservoirs is one of the most important problems that affects the cumulative production, operation costs and causes environmental problems. Before producing from a reservoir, the fluids are in equilibrium and their contact surfaces remain unchanged, but after starting production from the reservoir, when the viscous force overcome gravitational force in vertical direction, contact surfaces will displace and coning will occur. Therefore, the production rates will be controlled in a range that prevents entering water and gas to the production well. For this reason, investigation and modeling of this phenomenon is extremely necessary. In this study, the coning phenomenon, parameters affecting coning (i.e. distance from GWC, high flow rate, turbulences and skin factor) and problems due to coning (such as increase in pressure gradient in well, permeability reduction near wellbore region and increase in residual gas saturation) had been studied for one of the Iranian gas reservoirs. The simulation study shows that water coning has a huge effect on reservoir performance and cease many problems in reservoir, well bore and surface facilities.

[JafariF., Helalizadeh A. Water Coning Study In One of The Iranian Gas Reservoirs, Factors Affecting and Problems. 2021;17(11):65-74]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.07.

Keywords: water coning, critical rate, skin, GWC, gas reservoir.

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Implementing the Ensemble Kalman Filter Method as a Novel Tools for Interpretation of the Pressure Transient Tests

Ghodratollah Faryabi *, Abdolnabi Hashemi, and Mehdi Shahbazian

Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahwaz, Iran

* Corresponding Author: E-mail: ghodrat.faryabi@gmail.com

Abstract: Nowadays conventional well test analyses, such as straight line or type curve are used to estimate reservoir parameters. There are some challenges and problems in their procedure. Conventional well test methods do not provide such data. In addition, analyzing of transient pressure well test data contaminated with disturbance and noise with conventional methods is often difficult. Recent reservoir management methods and uncertainty analyses require probability distribution function of reservoir properties in each time step. Moreover the test duration maybe short or missing data and some assumptions are used to derive the mathematical formulations. For this reasons, we move on a new and more robust formulation of well test data analysis to eliminate all these problems. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a sequential data assimilation base on Monte Carlo approach, in which an ensemble of models, instead of only one model as in traditional history matching methods and other Kalman filter related methods, is used. In this paper we use Ensemble Kalman Filter methods, for the first time, to interpret oil well test data and estimate unknown parameters in an on-line approach. In this method we convert the well test problem in to state space framework to use system identification procedures (in time-domain) to find solution of our stochastic problem. The Kalman filter procedure for integration consists of two steps: a forecast step and an update step. Mathematical formulations and measurement data are used in the forecast step and updating respectively. A synthetic example is used to examine the validity and effectiveness of the method. We made use of a real well test data with a lot of noise and missed data as well. For any example, first pure wellbore storage region and middle time region are identified then after receiving any measurement data, both dynamic variables, such as pressure and static variables as permeability, skin factor, wellbore storage coefficient and distance from fault with their probability density function (PDF) and standard deviation are updated. The results show that the Ensemble Kalman Filter method can be used as a powerful tools for well test analysis.

[Ghodratollah Faryabi, Abdolnabi Hashemi, and Mehdi Shahbazian. Implementing the Ensemble Kalman Filter Method as a Novel Tools for Interpretation of the Pressure Transient Tests. 2021;17(11):75-89]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.08.

Keywords: Ensemble Kalman Filter, probability density function, type curve, well test data

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Exploitation of synthetized polyethylene glycol-polylactide-polyethylene glycol copolymers nanoparticles as a delivery system for intratumoral treatment of squamous cell carcinoma

Shimaa A. Elsaady¹, Essam Al-Wakeel², Manal F badawi³, Moustafa N. Aboushelib⁴, Sherif Refaat⁵

¹Assistant lecturer, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig University, Egypt

²Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt

³Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt

⁴Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt

⁵Lecturer of medical oncology, Oncology center, Mansoura University, Egypt

Email: elsaadyshimaa710@gmail.com

Abstract: OSCC occupies more than 90% of all head and neck cancers and ranked the six most common malignant tumors worldwide. Main risk factors responsible for its occurrence were continuous exposure of alcohol, tobacco, infection of human papillomavirus and betel nut chewing. The main reason for failure to responding to available therapies was the late diagnosis of cases. Statement of problem: Patient difficulties on the treatment options for oral squamous cell carcinoma, which include surgery, massive dose of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or anticancer therapy, may help eliminate unneeded side effects of the current treatment and to be the best choice of treatment which is delivery method. Purpose: This research article was conducted to develop and evaluate a therapeutic method of delivery intra-tumoral treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma in mice by using polyethylene glycol-polylactide-polyethylene nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for a line of treatment consists of anticancer drug (epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, cetuximab) and chemotherapy (Platinol and 5FU) comparing that with the effect of delivery of  a systemic treatment regarding histopathologic investigation.

[Shimaa A. Elsaady, Essam Al-Wakeel, Manal F badawi, Moustafa N. Aboushelib, Sherif Refaat .Exploitation of synthetized polyethylene glycol-polylactide-polyethylene glycol copolymers nanoparticles as a delivery system for intratumoral treatment of squamous cell   carcinoma J Am Sci 2021;17(11):90-98]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org  2. doi:10.7537/marsjas171121.09.

Keywords: Copolymers, Nanoparticles, Delivery system, Intratumoral treatment, Squamous cell carcinoma

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