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The Journal of American Science
(J Am Sci)
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online),
doi prefix: 10.7537, Monthly
Volume 17, Issue 1, Cumulated
No. 155,
January 25,
2021
Cover (jpg),
Cover (pdf),
Introduction,
Contents,
Call
for Papers,
am1701
The following manuscripts are presented as online first for
peer-review, starting from
January 2, 2021.
All comments
are welcome:
editor@sciencepub.net;
americansciencej@gmail.com,
or contact with author(s) directly.
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cite it.
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the web address from .pdf to .doc
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your manuscript(s) to:
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Marsland
Press, 310 West 18th Street, New
York, NY 10011, USA. Phone: 718-404-5362; 347-321-7172
CONTENTS
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Titles / Authors
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Full
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1
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Nutritional Potential Of Yam
Peel (Discorea rotundata) As Feed Resource For Growing
Snails (Archachatina marginata)
Popoola1, Y.A.,
Kehinde2, A.S., Oladele-Bukola1, M.O.,
Banjoko3, O.J.,
Durotoye1, E.S., Omole1,
A.J.,
1.Obafemi
Awolowo University, Institute Of Agricultural Research and
Training Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
2.Forestry
Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan
3.Federal
College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan,
Nigeria.
Abstract:
Yam peel is a
by-product during processing of yam to pounded yam or yam flour
and could be used as alternative source energy in the diet of
livestock. This study was conducted to determine the effect of
inclusion of dry yam peel meal (YP) as partial replacement for
maize in the diet of growing Giant African land snail (Archachatina
marginata) on feed intake, weight gain, meat qualities and
cost benefits. Yam peel was included at 0% (YP1)
Control, 25% (YP2), 50% (YP3) and 75% (YP4)
as replacement for maize fraction of diet of growing snails.
Each dietary treatment was replicated thrice with 10 snails per
replicate in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured
or calculated were feed intake, weight gain, shell length and
width, feed conversion ratio and cost per weight gain among
others. Significant differences were observed in the mean total
feed intake of the snails fed inclusion levels of yam peel meal
in the diets (P<0.05) The highest total feed intake of 544.32
g was recorded in YP1 which was relatively
similar to YP3 while the mean lowest feed intake of
516.46g intake was recorded in YP4. The result of
feed efficiency shows that snails fed 0% YP as replacement for
maize fraction of the diet had the best feed efficiency (P<0.05)
which was not significantly different from YP3 The
morbidity and mortality percent were very low in all the
treatments. The highest dressing percentage of 43.57% was
recorded in YP1 (P<0.05) which was not significantly
different from 43.45 % and 43.13 % in YP2
and YP3 respectively. The mean total no of egg laid
was significantly influenced by different inclusion levels
(p<0.05). It could be concluded that weight gain, feed
efficiency and dressing percentage were relatively similar in
the snails fed control diet and 50% YP. The mean total number of
egg laid and the size were not significantly different in the
control and 50% inclusion, also the lowest cost per weight gain
was recorded in YP3 containing 50% YP, hence maize
fraction of the diet of snails could be replaced up to 50% of
yam peel without any adverse effect.
[Popoola, Y.A., Kehinde, A.S.,
Oladele-Bukola, M.O., Banjoko, O.J. Nutritional Potential Of
Yam Peel (Discorea rotundata) As Feed Resource For
Growing Snails ( Archachatina marginata). J Am Sci
2021;17(1):1-5].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
1.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.01.
Keywords:
Dressing percentage, feed efficiency, mortality, snails,
reproductive indices, Yam peel |
Full Text |
1
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2
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Geophysical
Investigation of Road Failure along
Lagos
– Badagry Expressway Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging
Ogungbe, A. S*,
Afolabi, T O, Onori, E. O, Ogabi, C. O
Department of Physics, Lagos
State University, Lagos, Nigeria
*Email:
ogungbea@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract:
Geophysical investigations of
road failure using Two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity
imaging was carried out along Lagos –Badagry expressway, Lagos
State, Nigeria with a view to determining the subsurface
geological structures that may pose danger to the highway.
The study
was conducted on five worrisome parts of the highway, namely:
Iyana Isashi, Iyana Era, Agbara, Magbon and Oko Afo,
using
Constant Separation Traversing (Wenner array)
to obtain three (3) profiles at each location. ABEM Terrameter
SAS 1000 was used for the survey which displays apparent
resistivity values digitally. The data was processed using
RES2DINV software to produce 2D images of the study area. The
subsurface images showed that the resistivity lies between 3.89
Ωm and 401 Ωm, indicating variation in soil matrix. It was
observed that causes of road pavement failure on the studied
road were as a result of a combination of clayey topsoil /
sub-grade soils with resistivity ranging from 3.79 Ωm to 83.3 Ωm,
water-logged sands due to ingress with characteristically low
resistivity values and thin pavement, thereby unable to
withstand pressure exerted on the road.
[Ogungbe,
A. S, Afolabi, T O, Onori, E. O, Ogabi, C. O.
Geophysical Investigation of Road Failure along
Lagos
– Badagry Expressway Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):6-18].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
2. doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.02.
Keywords:
Road Failure, Electrical Resistivity, Geological structures,
Imaging, Investigation |
Full Text |
2
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3
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On the physical reality of
Tachyons
S. Kalimuthu
2/394, Kanjampatti P.O, Pollachi
Via, Tamil Nadu 642003, India
Email:
owlskalimuthu@gmail.com
Mobile: 91 85 08 99 15 77
Researcher ID:
AAP-4476-2020
Scopus Author ID: 25723330600
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7978-9013
MR ID 1048338
INSPIRE
ID-00801168
Abstract:
In 1962, Sudershan and his
coworkers proposed a hypothesis that particles whose rest mass
is imaginary can travel by birth faster than light. After that
several thousands of papers on tachyons have been written,
hundreds of PhDs were minted out and a remarkable number of
conferences have been conducted. But till this date, either the
existence or the generation of tachyons has not been confirmed.
In this work, the author attempts to show that the chances for
faster than light velocity phenomena is not bright.
[S. Kalimuthu. On the physical
reality of Tachyons.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):19-22].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
3.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.03.
Key words:
Einstein, special relativity,
light velocity, Sudershan’s tachyon hypothesis. |
Full Text |
3
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4
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Effect Of An Educational
Intervention About Occupational Safety On Knowledge And
Practices Of Male Students In Technical Mechanical Secondary
Schools In El-Behira Governorate
Mariam haggag soliman
*,
Abeer Abdel Aziz Madian
**,
Amira Abdel Raheem
Mohamed Ali ***, Shaimaa Mohammed Amin****
* Professor of Community Health
Nursing, faculty of nursing, Damanhour
University
**
Assistant Professor of Community Health Nursing, faculty of
nursing,
Damanhour
University
*** Lecturer of occupational
hygiene and air pollution,
High Institute of Public
Health, Alexandria
University
**** Assistant lecturer at
community health nursing, faculty of nursing, Damanhour
University
Abstract：
Background.
Occupational health and safety is one of the most important
aspects of human concern. The Aim of this study is to
evaluate
the effect of educational intervention about occupational safety
on knowledge and practice of male students in technical
mechanical secondary schools in El-Behira governorate. Sample:
the study was carried on 280 students (140 were cases and 140
were control). Research Design: Quasi experimental
(pre-posttest) study design was adopted to carry out this study.
Data collection tools:
data were collected
using three tools: structured self-administered questionnaire,
Students' knowledge
regarding occupational safety and observation check list
regarding safety measures practices in the training workshops.
Results:
conveyed that less than half (46.4%, 47.9%) of both the study
and the control group respectively were aged between 16 to less
than 17 years. All the study group and the control one had poor
knowledge regarding occupational health and safety before
conduction of the educational intervention, whereas after
implementation of the educational intervention, more than three
quarters of the study group (85.7%) had good knowledge whereas
the vast majority of the control group (99.3%) still had poor
knowledge. There was a statistically significant relation
between the department and the total knowledge score of the
study group (X2= 14.150,
P=0.007*).
Conclusion:
The educational program is successful in attaining its aim of
positively improving knowledge, and practice of the study group
about Occupational Health and Safety.
a Recommendations:
this study
recommend
the necessity of
provision of personal protective equipment to the students in
the school workshops and integrating occupational safety topics
in their curriculum.
[Mariam haggag soliman,
Abeer Abdel Aziz Madian,
Amira Abdel Raheem
Mohamed Ali, Shaimaa Mohammed Amin.
Effect Of An Educational
Intervention About Occupational Safety On Knowledge And
Practices Of Male Students In Technical Mechanical Secondary
Schools In El-Behira Governorate.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):23-45].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
4. doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.04.
Keywords:
Educational intervention,
occupational health, Knowledge, Technical secondary schools. |
Full Text |
4
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5
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A phenomenon in matrix
analysis for physical applications
S. Kalimuthu
2/394, Kanjampatti P.O, Pollachi
Via, Tamil Nadu 642003, India
Email:
owlskalimuthu@gmail.com
Mobile: 91 85 08 99 15 77
Researcher ID:
AAP-4476-2020
Scopus Author
ID: 25723330600
ORCID ID:
0000-0001-7978-9013
MR ID 1048338
INSPIRE
ID-00801168
Abstract:
The history of matrices goes
back to ancient times! But the term "matrix" was not applied to
the concept until 1850."Matrix" is the Latin word for womb, and
it retains that sense in English. It can also mean more
generally any place in which something is formed or produced.
The origins of mathematical matrices lie with the study of
systems of simultaneous linear equations. An important Chinese
text from between 300 BC and AD 200, Nine Chapters of the
Mathematical Art (Chiu Chang Suan Shu), gives
the first known example of the use of matrix methods to solve
simultaneous equations. Since their first appearance in ancient
China, matrices have remained important mathematical tools.
Today, they are used not simply for solving systems of
simultaneous linear equations, but also for describing the
quantum mechanics of atomic structure, designing computer game
graphics, analyzing relationships, and even plotting complicated
dance steps! The elevation of the matrix from mere tool to
important mathematical theory owes a lot to the work of female
mathematician Olga Taussky Todd (1906-1995), who began by using
matrices to analyze vibrations on airplanes during World War II
and became the torchbearer for matrix theory. In this work, by
applying the fundamental concepts of matrices, the author
attempts to study the fifth Euclidean postulate problem and
Gödel’s incompleteness theorems.
[S.Kalimuthu.
A phenomenon in matrix
analysis for physical applications.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):46-48].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
5.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.05.
Key words:
Euclidean postulates, matrix
algebra, new approaches |
Full Text |
5
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6
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On a new concept of time
S.
Kalimuthu
2/394, Kanjampatti P.O, Pollachi
Via, Tamil Nadu 642003, India
Email:
owlskalimuthu@gmail.com
Mobile: 91 85 08 99 15 77
Researcher ID:
AAP-4476-2020
Scopus Author ID: 25723330600
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7978-9013
MR ID 1048338
INSPIRE
ID-00801168
Abstract:
According to the predictions of Einstein’s general relativity
theory, time and space were created only at the big bang. Albert
Einstein concluded in his later years that the past, present,
and future all exist simultaneously. But according to Hindu
philosophical cosmology, space and time are eternal. Modern
physics is also exploring pre – big bang era. In this work, the
author attempts to show that the present time contains both
future and past time.
[S.
Kalimuthu. On a new
concept of time.
J Am Sci
2021;49-53]
1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
6.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.06.
Key words:
Space; Time; Space-time,
philosophical foundations |
Full Text |
6
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7
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An idea for quantum gravity
S. Kalimuthu
2/394, Kanjampatti P.O, Pollachi
Via, Tamil Nadu 642003, India
Email:
owlskalimuthu@gmail.com
Mobile: 91 822 05 4 15 77
Researcher ID:
AAP-4476-2020
Scopus Author ID: 25723330600
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7978-9013
MR ID 1048338
INSPIRE
ID-00801168
Abstract:
All
the predictions of general relativity have been experimentally
confirmed except gravitational waves, dark matter and dark
energy. Einstein’s perpetual efforts to unify general relativity
with Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory were not successful.
Einstein ignored weak and strong nuclear forces. Abdus Salam and
Steven Weinberg unified electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces.
The combined theory of general relativity and quantum physics is
one of the most challenging problems to the research community.
In this work, the author proposes an entirely new idea to
attempt to achieve quantum gravity.
[S. Kalimuthu. An idea for
quantum gravity.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):54-67].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
7.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.07.
Key words:
General Relativity, Quantum
Forces, Geometry |
Full Text |
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8
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Study on the Prevalence of
Strongyle Infection in Donkeys in and around Assosa Town,
Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia
1*Negesse
Welde, 1Moges Destaw,1Awoke Chaklu and
2Mullusew Gashaw
1*Doctor
of Veterinary Medicine, Assosa University College of Agriculture
and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Science, Assosa,
Ethiopia, Tel: +251-925-503-497, E-mail:
negessewelde@gmail.com
1Bachelor
Degree of Veterinary Science (BVSc), Graduate Student of Assosa
University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
Department of Veterinary Science, Assosa, Ethiopia
2Doctor
of Veterinary Medicine, Amhara National Regional State Livestock
Resource and Development Promotion Office Agency in North
Administrative Zone Dawunt District, Tel: +251-941-626-272, E-mail:gashawmuller@gmail.com
Abstract:
A cross sectional
study was conducted from March 2019 to May 2019 in and around
Assosa town to determine the prevalence of strongyle infection
and to assess its associated risk factors in the study area in
donkeys. A total of 200 animals were randomly selected from five
different peasant associations in the study area and examined
during the study period. Coprological examination for the
detection of strongyle eggs was performed using floatation
technique. The overall prevalence of strongyle parasites was
30.5% (61 from 200 donkeys). The study has also showed variation
in prevalence of strongyle parasites among different body
condition scores and between ages, higher prevalence was
recorded in poor body condition (83.72%) and old (46.15%),
respectively. In relation to selected peasant association the
prevalence were found 38.88%, 32%, 23.52%, 17.64% and 30%, for
Assoa 01, Assosa 03, Amba 4, Amba 5 and Amba 8, respectively.
The risk factors, age and body condition, were significantly
associated with the occurrence of strongyle parasites (p<0.05).
In conclusion the current study revealed that stronglosis was
found to be the major problem in the study area; hence strategic
deworming and minimizing overworking and extensive open grazing
should be implemented to reduce contamination.
[Negesse
Welde, Moges Destaw, Awoke Chaklu and Mullusew Gashaw.
Study on the Prevalence of Strongyle Infection in Donkeys in
and around Assosa Town, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Western
Ethiopia.
J Am Sci
2021;17(1):68-75].
ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264
(online).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
8.
doi:10.7537/marsjas170121.08.
Key words:
Assosa, Donkey, Prevalence, Risk factor, Strongylosis |
Full Text |
8
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The
manuscripts in this issue are presented as online first for
peer-review, starting from
January 2, 2021.
All
comments are welcome:
editor@americanscience.org;
americansciencej@gmail.com,
or contact with author(s) directly.
For back issues of the Journal of American Science, click here.
Emails:
editor@americanscience.org;
americansciencej@gmail.com
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