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Measurement of urinary kidney injury molecule -1 level as an early biomarker of renal impairment in overweight/obese children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Asmaa A. Abourady¹, MSC; Saleh M. Amin ¹, MD; Safwat M. Kasem², MD; Hend H. Abdelnaby¹, MD

¹ Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

²Biochemestry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

Abstract: Background: The prevalence and extra hepatic complications of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children have increased dramatically over the past decade. Objectives: to determine early renal functional alterations in overweight / obese children and adolescents with NAFLD by measuring urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) level, and to evaluate its relation to the degree and various clinico-laboratory parameters of NAFLD. Subjects and Methods: In this case–control study, urinary KIM-1 was measured in 60 obese/overweight children and adolescents, 30 of them with NAFLD proved by ultrasound (group I), 30 without NAFLD (group II), and compared with 20 healthy children of the same age and sex (controls). Clinical examination included anthropometric measurements. Laboratory investigations including liver function, lipid profile, kidney function, urine albumin, serum glucose, insulin and urinary KIM-1 level. Results: Significant increase in body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, waist to hip ratio (W/HR), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fasting serum insulin, insulin resistance (IR) in obese subjects compared to controls. Urinary KIM-1 showed no significant difference between the studied groups but correlated with the degree of hepatic steatosis. Urinary KIM-1 levels correlated significantly with W/H ratio, Alp, triglycrides and IR. Urinary albumin levels showed no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Urinary KIM-1 can be used as a biomarker for early detection of renal affection in NAFLD children and is promising but further studies are needed to confirm this result.

[Asmaa A. Abourady, Saleh M. Amin, Safwat M. Kasem, Hend H. Abdelnaby. Measurement of urinary kidney injury molecule -1 level as an early biomarker of renal impairment in overweight/obese children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):1-8]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.01.

Keywords: Measurement; urinary; kidney; injury; molecule; biomarker; renal impairment; children; adolescents; nonalcoholic; fatty; liver; disease

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Over denture Treatment Of Angled Implant With Extended Range Locator Attachment: Clinical Report

Dr. Abdullah Nasser Al-Shehri

Specialist, of Prosthodontic Department, Al-Noor Hospital, K.S.A

ahmedatito69@yahoo.com

Abstract: Proper attachment selection is important considering the patient-related circumstances. This article presents a case where a change in prosthetic attachments was required because implant inclination diminished over denture retention and stability. The treatment involved an alternative implant and soft-tissue impression technique.

[Abdullah Nasser Al-Shehri. Overdenture Treatment Of Angled Implant With Extended Range Locator Attachment: Clinical Report. J Am Sci 2020;16(2):9-15]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas160220.02.

Key wood: over; denture, locator

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[J Am Sci 2020;16(3):16-21]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3.

withdraw

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Effect of Transfusion of G6PD Deficient Blood to Children with B Thalassemia in Pediatric Department of Zagazig University Hospitals

Ehab Mahmoud Rasheed¹, Adel Sherif Ahmed¹, Ahmed Mohamed Gaballah², Dina Essam Moustafa¹

¹ Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

² Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Abstract: Background: B-thalassemia is the most common inherited single gene disorder worldwide, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzyme deficiency. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in transfused blood and its hazards if transfused to thalassemiac children. Methods: We examined 60 patients who were selected by random sampling. For diagnosis of thalassemia, complete blood count and hemoglobin electrophoresis were carried out and for G6PD deficiency, fluorescent spot test methods were used as a screening test. This study was cross sectional study which was done in Pediatric Hematology unit & Clinical Pathology Departments in Zagazig University Hospitals during period from July 2017 to August 2018. Results: This study included 60 patients with age ranged from one year to 12 years with mean ± SD age of the studied group is 6.81± 2.89 years, while sex distribution was 37male patients (61.7%) and 23 female patients (38.3%). Age of diagnosis of thalassemia was 7.12±1.5 month and ranged 6-11 months. Calculation of Z-score of G6PD in Blood bag it is (-1.56-3.27Unit/gram), as regard ROC curve for G6PD in Blood bag, Area under the curve =0.904, Cutoff level of G6PD≥ 7.19 U/g (Unit/gram) have sensitivity of 97.6%, and specificity of 57.9% in predicting sufficient increase of hemoglobin level after transfusion with high statistical significance. Conclusion: Whereas the frequency of b-thalassemia among patients is higher, the frequency of G6PD deficiency was not significantly different in the two populations. Prevalence of G6PD level in blood bag was found to be normal 48 bags (80%) and in deficient in the remaining 12 bags (20%).

[Ehab Mahmoud Rasheed, Adel Sherif Ahmed, Ahmed Mohamed Gaballah, Dina Essam Moustafa. Effect of Transfusion of G6PD Deficient Blood to Children with B Thalassemia in Pediatric Department of Zagazig University Hospitals. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):22-30]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.04.

Key words: Thalassemia, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, Complete blood count, Human immunodeficiency virus.

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The role of the Deanship of Student Affairs in achieving intellectual security for university students through student activities

Dr. Talal Alimuthanna Ahmad

Department of Islamic and Comparative Education College of Education – Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA

E-mail: taahmad@uqu.edu.sa

Abstract: Objective of the study: To know that the Deanship of Student Affairs play its role in achieving intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities, and from the main objective 'following sub-objectives are stated: (1) Clarify the role of the Deanship of Student Affairs to achieve intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities. (2) To clarify the extent to which the Deanship of Student Affairs plays its role in achieving intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities in spreading tolerance. (3) To clarify the extent to which the Deanship of Student Affairs plays its role in achieving the intellectual security of university students through the extracurricular activities by developing critical thinking. (4) To clarify the extent to which the Deanship of Student Affairs in its role in achieving intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities to enhance moderation and fairness. Methodology: The researcher used the descriptive survey research method to answer the study questions: Results. (1) The Deanship of Student Affairs achieves intellectual security for university student's through extracurricular activities by promoting tolerance with high degree. (2) The Deanship of Student Affairs Achieves intellectual security for university student's through extracurricular activities by developing critical thinking with high degree. (3) The Deanship of Student Affairs Achieves intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities by enhancing moderation and fairness with high degree. (4) The Deanship of Student Affairs performs its role in achieving intellectual security for university students through extracurricular activities with high degree. (5) There are aspects that need to be strengthened where the number of items of the instrument is less than 3.8.

[Talal Alimuthanna Ahmad The role of the Deanship of Student Affairs in achieving intellectual security for university students through student activities. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):31-47]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.05.

Keywords: role; Deanship; Student; Affair; intellectual security; university; student

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Very Short Brief on the Book Entitled: Unlocking the Secrets of DHUL-QARNAIN (AKHENATEN) and Yăjouj and Măjouj

Hamdi bin Hamza Al-Suraiseri Al- Juhani

Master Degree of Economic Development Administration Former Member of Saudi Shura Council, KSA

hh.aljuhani@gmail.com

Abstract: The year 570 had witnessed the birth of the Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) in holy Mecca, and in 610, Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) has been sent by Almighty God as messenger and prophet for all humanity. And since that blessed time, Angle Gabriel used to descend with Quran to Prophet Mohammed in perfect and eloquent Arabic Language. Quran had continued to descend for twenty-three years till the death of the honorable prophet. The chapters (surahs) of the holy Quran included many historical stories. One of these chapters had the title of “The Cave (Kahf)” which included many stories. One of these stories had the title of “Dhul-Qarnain and Yăjouj & Măjouj”.

[Hamdi bin Hamza Al-Suraiseri Al- Juhani. Very Short Brief on the Book Entitled: Unlocking the Secrets of DHUL-QARNAIN (AKHENATEN) and Yăjouj and Măjouj. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):48-50]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.06.

Keywords: the Book; Entitle; Unlocking; Secrets; DHUL-QARNAIN (AKHENATEN); Yăjouj; Măjouj

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Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with Guava decline in Egypt

A.F. Abd El-Rahman ^1*, Naglaa M. Balabel ^{1 & 2} and Rabab, M. Abd -El–Aziz ¹

¹ Bacterial Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

²Potato Brown Rot Project, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Dokki, Egypt.

*Corresponding author. A.F. Abd El-Rahman, E-mail address: aabdelrahman2012@gmail.com

Abstract: Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) is one of the most popular fruits in Egypt. Guava decline is thought to be a complex disease prevailing in tropical and subtropical regions. Several studies were completed on the role of fungi and nematode in the deterioration of guava. There is unsatisfactory information on the involvement of bacteria in  this disease. In the present work, twelve isolates of bacteria were recovered from diseased guava trees at Rashid territory of El-Behera government in Egypt. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequences compared with the sequences of the Gen Bank DNA database showed that eight of these isolates belong to family Enterobacteriaceae, two  isolates belong to family Rhizobiaceae and two isolates belong to family Pseudomonadaceae. The Pectobacterium aroidearum is the only species that has shown a positive result with a hypersensitive reaction (HR) test. Agrobacterium salinitolerans was the only species able to form small tumors in squash fruits. No evidence of formed hyperplastic syndrome on the tomato plants by Agrobacterium salinitolerans or any of these  isolated bacteria were recognized. Potato soft rot test confirmed that only Pectobacterium aroidearum have the potential to cause soft rot in potato slices. The results indicate that, despite difference in pathogen propensities, Pectobacterium aroidearum and Agrobacterium salinitolerans can get involved in guava decline syndromes either single or in combination, bearing in mind the role of other pathogens such as fungi and nematodes. Further studies are needed.

[A.F. Abd El-Rahman, Naglaa M. Balabel and Rabab, M. Abd -El–Aziz. Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with Guava decline in Egypt. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):51-62]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.07.

Keywords: Bacteria, 16S rRNA gene sequences, Guava decline, Egypt, Pectobacterium aroidearum, Agrobacterium salinitolerans.

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Anatomical and cosmetic outcomes following feminizing genitoplasty in patients with disorders of sex development

Wael Fathi Abosena; MSc, Hisham AlMohamady Almetaher; MD, Ashraf Ahmed El Attar; MD, Essam Abdelaziz Elhalaby; MD, Ahmed Hassan Nofal; MD.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tanta, Egypt

Drwael_abosena@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Objectives: Ambiguous genitalia in the newborn is the commonest presentation of disorders of sexual development (DSD), most commonly secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), Those patients require feminizing genital reconstruction aiming at separation of the urinary and genital tracts allowing for normal voiding, creation of an adequate vaginal introitus and achievement of a near normal appearance of the external genitalia. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anatomical and cosmetic outcome of feminizing genitoplasty in Patients with disorders of sex development. Methods: Twenty patients presented with disorders of sex development admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Unit in Tanta University Hospital, over a period of two years, from June 2016 to June 2018. Genital examination was performed for all patients and the degree of virilization in cases of CAH was assessed according to the Prader scoring system. All patients undergone one- stage feminizing genitoplasty and the Postoperative cosmetic and anatomical outcome was evaluated according to the criteria described by Creighton and colleagues. Follow-up period ranged from 6 to 24months. Results: Out of the twenty cases in this study, 18 cases had congenital adrenal hyperplasia, two cases had complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). All cases of CAH had a 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The Age of patients ranged between 6 months and 16 years. Seven patients were less than one year of age at time of surgery (7/20[35%]). While6 patients were older than 3 years (6/20 [30%]). The urogenital sinus mobilization which was used in 17 cases (17/18 [94.5%]), The partial urogenital mobilization (PUM) was used in 3 cases (3/18 [16.7%]) and the total urogenital mobilization (TUM) was used in 14 cases (14/18 [77.7%]) while colon vaginoplasty was used in the two cases of CAIS and one case of CAH. Our anatomic and cosmetic outcomes were good in 17(85%) for those patients initially treated at our institute by our specialized team, satisfactory in 2(10%) and poor in1(5%). Conclusions: Feminizing genitoplasty can be used safely and effectively with good anatomical and cosmetic outcome provided that the pediatric surgeon is familiar with the procedure. The feminizing genitoplasty is technically much easier in young infants. Sigmoid vaginoplasty is a good choice in cases of CAIS and CAH where the vaginal confluence was high close to the bladder neck and the vagina was very short.

[Wael Fathi Abosena, Hisham AlMohamady Almetaher, Ashraf Ahmed El Attar, Ahmed Hassan Nofal, Essam Abdelaziz Elhalaby. Anatomical and cosmetic outcomes following feminizing genitoplasty in patients with disorders of sex development. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):63-70]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.08.

Key words: Feminizing genitoplasty, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.

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Prevalence of parasitic infestation in school aged Children in El Arish city

Prof. Hosny Mohammed Ahmed El-Masry, Dr. Mohammed Ahmed Ali Taha, Eslam Abdallah Farag Qourah.

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine. AL-Azhar University (Assiut), Egypt

eslamqouarh@gmail.com

Abstract: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) constitute a global health burden. They have been linked with poorer nutritional outcomes, including an increased risk for nutritional anemia, protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), and growth deficits in children. Prevalence of these parasites varies from one country to another. Preschool age children are one of the groups at high-risk for intestinal parasitic infections. So, the aim of this work was to determine the prevelance of parasitic infestations in school aged children in El Arish city and also to asses the risk factors and etiologies of parasitic infestations. This study was carried out on 1000 school aged children (primary and preparatory) in El-Arich City; their ages between 6-15 years during the period from 1^st April to 30^th September 2017. Data were collected via personal interview with the students after taking permission from the headmasters of the selected schools and consents from their parents or guardians. In the current study, we found that the highest percentage infested children was among age group 9 < 12 years. So age is an important risk factor for intestinal parasitic infestations and school children have been reported to be at highest risk for intestinal parasitic infestations. In this study, it was found an increasing association between age and intestinal parasitic infestations within the age group of 9- < 12 years (34.62%), then in age 6- < 9 years (30.94%), the percentage of non-infected students was higher among older ages from 12 to 15yrs. Regards to Enterobius vermicularis infection among the young children (6 -9 years old), the study revealed that these children were more exposed to infection due to their ignorance with the hygienic habits which protect them from autoinfection and external infection such as eating contaminated food outside their homes, playing with dust or contaminated materials as doors of W.C's, no mass treatment for all infected children and no regular stool analysis after treatmentas. Finally we found that the commonest symptom is abdominal colic among the studied school children which represented (54.5%) while pallor of conjunctiva and oral mucous membrane were the commonest signs (55%) and all cases of Enter obiusvermicularis had pruritis ani.

[Hosny Mohammed Ahmed El-Masry, Mohammed Ahmed Ali Taha, Eslam Abdallah Farag Qourah. Prevalence of parasitic infestation in school aged Children in El Arish city. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):71-80]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.09.

Keywords: Prevalence; parasitic; infestation; school; age; Children; El Arish city

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Adsorption of Dye by Nano-zinc oxide

Ehssan Nassef^*, N.S. Yousef and Rnia Farouq

Petrochemical Eng. Department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract: Nano–zinc oxide (ZnO) has recently achieved special attention because of its unique optical, electrical and chemical properties. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate and ammonium hydroxide wereused as precursor materials for the preparation of Nano–zinc oxide. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of period of contact on the rate of adsorption of Nano-zinc oxide, the impact of interactionperiod on the percentage removal, the effect of pH and the effect of adsorbent dose. Central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to proposed design and augment the elimination of dyes againstinitial dyes concentration, pH, adsorbent mass and time, in addition to study the potential relations among these variables. It was found in this study that when the concentration of Methylene Blue in waste water increases, the percentage removal decreases. Equilibrium concentration is reached after 40 minutes. The isotherm and kinetics estimations demonstrated that Freundlich models and the second- order used for the isotherm and kinetics of the MB adsorption. Finally, increasing the weight of Nano–zinc oxide increases the percentage removal of Methylene blue dye.

[Ehssan Nassef, N.S. Yousef and Rnia Farouq. Adsorption of Dye by Nano-zinc oxide. J Am Sci 2020;16(3):81-89]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 10. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.10.

Key words: Dyes, Adsorption, Nano–zinc oxide, Methylene Blue.

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Quality Control and Assessment Noise Levels Detection for Aswan sub-network of the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN)

Ramdan Desouky¹, Abd El-Aziz Khairy Abd El-Aal^2,1, Mohamed Sherief Moustafa³, Mohamed Moawad³

¹National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Seismology Department, Helwan, Egypt

²Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait

³Computer Engineering and Systems, Mansoura University, Egypt

ramadan.radio.plus@gmail.com

Abstract: Understanding the description of circumstantial seismic noise in seismic network is very important mission for inspection the detectability presentation of recording seismic centers. Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN) was constructed following the Cairo earthquake which happened in Egypt at 12 October 12, 1992. The current paper focuses on the results of background seismic noise assessment and station performance of twelve broad band seismic stations of Aswan sub-network installed around Lake Naser in Aswan zone in the south of Egypt. We apply anew detection approach for this purpose using the PQLX package which depends mainly on the computation of probability density function (PDF) and power spectral density (PSD) for speculating the surroundings sound levels, for the periods between ~ 0.02 and 180s. The analysis covered the available data during one year of continuous recording of the seismic results. The obtained data demonstrated that some centers have extremely little detectability and altitude of noise was elevated in some frequency bands which influence the seismic actions recording. Whereas the other stations demonstrate best presentation. We produced noise maps to evaluate noise characteristics of Aswan sub-network of the ENSN for different periods to assess the origin of the noise. We also determined the effect of the high dam turbines in seismic data at a frequency of 2 Hz. The yield from this work is valuable for estimating the operational obstacles in the southern branch of the ENSN and will be pertinent to the future sitting of the ENSN centers.

[Ramdan Desouky, Abd El-Aziz Khairy Abd El-Aal, Mohamed Sherief Moustafa, Mohamed Moawad. Quality Control and Assessment Noise Levels Detection for Aswan sub-network of the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN). J Am Sci 2020;16(3):90-105]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 11. doi:10.7537/marsjas160320.11.

Keywords: Background seismic noise, Seismic detectability, power spectral density (PSD), ENSN.

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