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Evaluation of Obstructive Salivary Gland Conditions by CBCT Sialography

Nermien Ali Mohamed Fathy¹ and Maha Eshak Amer²

¹Assistant Lecture, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt

²Head of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt

nermien.aly87@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the radiographic finding of CBCT sialography in obstructive conditions of major salivary gland. Study design: Twenty patients of both sexes and varying ages were selected complaining of obstruction of salivary gland diagnosed by patient history and clinical examination, were undergone conventional sialography followed by CBCT scanning. Then all images were analyzed and scored, the radiographs were evaluated by three radiologists independently of each other. Results: There is statistically significance relation between CBCT finding and plain imaging with respect to the abnormality of the main duct (p = 0.03) and detection of sialectasia (p0.001). However, plain imaging and CBCT were the same for the identification of strictures (p=0.09) Conclusion: Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) sialography is superior to conventional sialography for evaluation of obstructive condition of major salivary gland.

[Nermien Ali Mohamed Fathyand Maha Eshak Amer. Evaluation of Obstructive Salivary Gland Conditions by CBCT Sialography. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):1-4]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.01.

Keywords: Evaluation; Obstructive; Salivary; Gland; Condition; CBCT sialography

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Scientific Based evidence of the effects of combined Makka Mud therapy (MMT) in treating nervous system injuries with special reference to MMT (Two case reports ).

Manal G. Abd El Wahab¹ and Salwa Sager²

¹Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. and (YAJ) Members of Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Applications, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

²Certified Nurse, Ministry of Health Taif Hospital, KSA and (YAJ) Members of Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Applications, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

omaman2005@hotmail.com

Abstract: Aim: Evidence based effects of combined Makka Mud therapy (MMT) in treating nervous system injuries. Material and methods: Preraration of Makka Mud (MM) was from Makka soil from AL sail way –Al kaekea area- Jazan Road - KSA. (MM) was chemically analyzed, It was full of elements, ions and heavy metals which included CO3, HCO3, SO4, Cl-, iron Fe, cobalt, Ni, copper Cu and zinc Zn, Na+, K+, Cd, Mn, Pb. MMT was applied on two cases: one female 14 years old suffered from head injury after car accident that caused UMNL and hemiplegic. The other case was a new born infant aged 8months with hydrocephaye. Results: Combined (Mmt) lead to improvement of body function, decreased pain, Improvement Of Nervous System And Reflexes, Fine Movements In Two Cases Of Head Trauma And hydrocele. Conclusion: Combined (MMT) could be adjuvant complementary management for head and nervous system traumas. further controlled studies are needed.

[Manal G. Abd El Wahab and Salwa Sager. Scientific Based evidence of the effects of combined Makka Mud therapy (MMT) in treating nervous system injuries with special reference to MMT (Two case reports ). J Am Sci 2019;15(2):5-12]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.02.

Key words: Makka Mud Therapy- Nervous System - Reflexes - Head Trauma –Hydrocephaly

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Probiotics and Dental Caries in Children

Eman A. El Ashiry, BDS, MSc, PhD

Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, KSA and Pedodontic Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls Al Azhar University, Egypt

E mail: eelashiry@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: Probiotic therapy has been proven to have beneficial treatment and prevention effects in different medical fields. Probiotics are “live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host”. Since the oral cavity had specific ecosystem that involve both normal flora and pathogenic flora, the objective of this paper was to view process of activity of “probiotic bacteria” in the mouth and review the impact of “probiotics” on dental caries in children. Search of English scientific articles electronically from 2008 to 2018 was accomplished using the Cochrane library, PubMed, the EviDents search engine, EMBASE database, OVID, and the Science Citation Index database. The search terms used were “probiotics”, Microbiome, Microbiota, Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Gut, Oral Health, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Mutans streptococci. Probiotic therapy may have a significant part in treating dental decay in children. Further investigations are required to provide scientific evidence on the use probiotic therapy in children.

[Eman A. El Ashiry, BDS, MSc, PhD. Probiotics and Dental Caries in Children. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):13-20]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.03.

Keywords: Probiotics, Microbiome, Microbiota, Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Gut, Oral Health, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, MS

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Biomimetic Evaluation of Polyetheretherketone as a Promising Implant Material: In vitro study

Youssef M. Kassem MSc. and Dawlat Mostafa PhD.

Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.

y_k_1989@hotmail.com; dwlat.mostafa@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Dental implants are currently one of the main pillars of restorative dentistry. Titanium and its alloys were and still are the gold standard for dental implant materials. However, Titanium is not a perfect material thus the search for a more ideal material is ongoing. Zirconia and Polyetheretherketone are two viable alternatives to titanium as dental implant materials. These two materials show different mechanical and biological behavior in vitro and in vivo. Objectives: Evaluation of mechanical performance and bioactivity of Polyetheretherketone as an implant material following controlled biomimetic simulations. Zirconia was used as a comparable implant material. Materials and Methods: Microbars of Polyetheretherketone and yttrium-stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline zirconia were prepared using precision cutter under water cooling and used for biomimetic assessment of the following properties: Flexural strength and elastic modulus for unaged and aged microbars using cyclic loading, Vickers Microhardness and In vitro Bioactivity using simulated body fluid. Results: Biomimetic mechanical evaluation displayed significance decrease of flexural strength and elastic modulus values for both unaged and aged Polyetheretherketone compared to zirconia. No significance was detected for Polyetheretherketone after aging. While, zirconia showed significant decrease of flexural strength and elastic modulus values after aging. There was also a significant decrease in microhardness values of Polyetheretherketone corresponding to zirconia. In vitro Bioactivity showed the higher affinity of zirconia to bone formation compared to Polyetheretherketone. Conclusions: Polyetheretherketone could be recommended as a promising alternative to titanium and zirconia as a dental implant material.

[Youssef M. Kassem and Dawlat Mostafa. Biomimetic Evaluation of Polyetheretherketone as a Promising Implant Material: In vitro study. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):21-30]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.04.

Key words: Dental implant, Biomimetic simulation, Flexural strength, Hardness, In vitro Bioactivity, Polyetheretherketone, Zirconia.

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Measurement of Tracheobronchial Tree Dimensions in Egyptian population and its Correlation with Sex, Age, Weight and Height (Computed Tomographic Study)

Amal Mahmoud El shazly¹, Islam Mahmoud El shazly², Asmaaa Y. A. Hussein³ and Ahmed Abdelhamed Hassan⁴

¹Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt;

²Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt;

³Department of Forensic and Toxicology, Faculty of medicine, Benha University, Egypt;

⁴Department of anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

amal.elshazly79@yahoo.com; islam.elshazly33@gmai.com; asmaa.hussein@fmed.bu.edu.eg ahmed.eid17@yahoo.com

Abstract: Measuring measurements of an airway is very significant for interventional bronchoscopists, investigators and clinicians in order to precisely diagnose anatomical anomalies and detect the pathological alteration along a time or in reaction to therapies. Treating and exploration of images, thoughtful of topics connected to the achievement, and for any extent like topics effect on imaging the tracheobronchial tree, is important for evaluated dimensions precision and to create actual application of advanced techniques. The present work adds to this understanding by providing accurate measurements of the normative parameters of the tracheobronchial trees in the Egyptian residents applying multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) and multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT). Six hundreds of persons submit to the Benha University Hospital for performing thoracic CT scans including the dimensions of tracheal and bronchial tree. Tracheal  lengths (LT) and its transvers diameter (TrTD) and anteroposterior diameter (APTD), the lengths of main stem bronchi as right bronchial length (RBL), left bronchial length (LBL), and the sizes of the right bronchial angle (RBA), left bronchial angle (LBA) were gotten via MPR of CT imaging. Multi-variance analyses were done to identify possible associations among acquired measurements. The anteroposterior tracheal diameter (APTD) was 20.13 ± 1.61 mm (22.46 ± 1.81mm for male and 17.81 ± 1.12mm for female). The transvers tracheal diameter (TrTD) was 18.64 ± 1.40 mm (20.92 ± 1.36 for male and 16.36 ± 1.18 mm for female). The length of the trachea (TL) was 125.88 ± 2.33mm (130.31 ± 2.22 mm for male and 121.46 ± 2.41mm for female). The mean lengths of left main stem bronchus (LBL) and the right main stem bronchus (RBL) were 48.75 ± 1.88 and32.39 ± 1.11 mm respectively. The right bronchus angle and the left bronchus angle were 35.68 ± 2.11 and 47.77 ± 1.55 degrees, respectively. The differences regarding the gender were significant in all the dimensions measured, there were significant increase in all parameters with increasing height except for the right and left bronchial angels there were no significant difference with increasing height, and there were no significant change in all tracheobronchial parameters with increasing weight and age.

[Amal Mahmoud El shazly, Islam Mahmoud El shazly, Asmaaa Y. A. Hussein and Ahmed Abdelhamed Hassan]. Measurement of Tracheobronchial Tree Dimensions in Egyptian population and its Correlation with Sex, Age, Weight and Height (Computed Tomographic Study). J Am Sci 2019;15(2):31-42]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.05.

Keywords: Measurement; Tracheobronchial; Tree; Dimension; Egyptian population; Correlation; Sex; Age; Weight; Height; Tomographic

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Therapeutic Effects of Powder and Alcoholic Aqueous Extract of Vitellaria paradoxa on Diabetic Rats

Ali Monahi Nazal Al Shammari

Faculty of Home Economics, the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait

anaba71@hotmail.com

Abstract: The objective of this work study the therapeutic effect of powder and alcoholic aqueous extract of Vitellaria paradoxa in blood glucose and lipid profile of diabetic rats. In the experiment thirty rats were divided into six groups (n=5). Streptozotocine was intraperitoneally given at dose 65 mg|kg body weight, animals showing fasting blood glucose higher than 300mg/dl were selected and used as diabetic rats. Vitellaria Paradoxa powder and alcoholic aqueous extracts were administered at dose levels (10,20g/kg/diet powder), (100,200 mg/kg body weight orally extract). Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the Vitellaria Paradoxa were evaluated by the determination of blood glucose, plasma insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, ALT, AST, creatinine, uric acid and bilirubin. Also, evaluated some blood antioxidant parameters by the determination of MDA, SOD and GSH. The results showed high exhibited levels of insulin in Vitellaria Paradoxa powder and extract comparing with diabetic control. The results showed that the diabetic rats receiving Vitellaria Paradoxa powder and alcoholic aqueous extract had significantly lower levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels than those of diabetic control group. All treated groups showed significant increase in superoxide dismutase compared with diabetic control group.

[Ali Monahi Nazal Al Shammari. Therapeutic Effects of Powder and Alcoholic Aqueous Extract of Vitellaria paradoxa on Diabetic Rats. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):43-51]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.06.

Keywords: Hypoglycemia, Hypolipidemi, Shea, Insulin

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Application of Canadian Water Quality Index for Surface Water vulnerability assessment: A Case Study of Water Quality in River Nile

Mohamed Ahmed Reda Hamed AbdAllah

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Canadian International Colleague (CIC), El Sheikh Zayed, Giza, Egypt.

Email: moha_hamed@cic-cairo.com

Abstract: The present work describes the application of Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) to evaluate the Nile River water quality upstream Cairo Drinking Water Plants (CDWPs). The field work was conducted during the period from January to December 2017. In the formulation of CCME WQI, Nine physical, chemical and biological parameters: pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Nitrates, Ammonia, Iron, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Fecal Coliform (FC) are selected according to their relative importance from the point of view of suitability for drinking water purposes. The results of various water quality parameters proved that the water quality at the study area is impacted by a relatively high concentration of COD and FC due to treated or partially treated domestic wastewater and industrial water mixed with agricultural drainage water discharged to the river. Based on water quality parameter assessment and the final results obtained from the CCME WQI, It was noted that Cairo Drinking Water Plants (CDWPs) that takes their raw water source from Nile River need a particular attention and continuous control for their water source quality to prevent health hazards. This work confirms the need to take more integrated action for monitoring the river for proper management.

[Mohamed Ahmed Reda Hamed AbdAllah. Application of Canadian Water Quality Index for Surface Water vulnerability assessment: A Case Study of Water Quality in River Nile. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):52-59]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.07.

Keyword: Assessment, Water Quality Index, CCME WQI, CDWPs

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Can Apocynin protect the kidney from the harmful effect of Cadmium in rats?

Naglaa A.S. Sarg, Samia M. Manawy and Kamal M. Kamal

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.

drsamiamanawy@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and industrial pollutant with high toxicity and carcinogenic activity. Cd are used mainly in the manufacturing of pigments, plastics, batteries and coatings. It may accumulate in many organs. However, the main victim of Cd is considered the kidney. The mode of action of Cd to induce toxic effect through the diminution of protein-bound sulfhydryl groups and glutathione which leads to augment the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apocynin (APO) is a natural organic compound isolated from the roots of Apocynumcannabinum (Canadian hemp). It is the finest known antioxidant and an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Apocynin has a low toxicity and can be applied in the treatment of arthritis, asthma, neurological, and cardiovascular illness through the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant impacts. Aim of the work: This work aims at evaluation of the protective role of apocynin on albino rat kidney exposed to environmental Cd. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult albino rats were randomly segregated into equal four groups. Rats of group I received distald water Group II: Each rat had received apocynin20 mg/kg/day. Those of group III had received cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg/day). In group IV each rat had received cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg /per day in distilled water) plus apocynin20 mg/kg/day. All drugs given daily intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. Then blood samples were taken for assessment of serum creatinine and blood urea. kidneys were removed and prepared for histological examination after staining the tissues by Hematoxylin and eosin (H x & E) and Masson's trichrome. Also an Immunohistochemical study was done to detect caspas-3. The mean area percentage of Caspaseimmuno-expression was quantified in five images from five non-overlapping fields of each rat. Statistical analysis of the obtained results by using IBM SPSS software. Results: Evaluation of renal function revealed a highly significant increase in the mean values of serum urea and creatinine in cadmium treated group as compared to those in Apocynine and Apocynine & Cadmium chloride treated groups (P<0.01). On examination of the kidneys of rats from ( group III) that received cadmium chloride the tubules were degenerated and their lumens were dilated and filled with inflammatory cells with cytoplasmic vacuolation. Glomeruli were atrophied and renal spaces were dilated. The proximal convoluted tubules exhibited necrosis in the epithelial cells of the tubules, which subsequently involved the Lumen. The kidneys of rats treated with cadmium and apocinin showed normal glomeruli and Renal tubules although some tubules were still affected and showed dilatation. By using Masson's Trichromestain, the diffuse interstitial fibrosis was much more in the kidneys of rats treated with cadmium when compared with those of the control group and apocynine group. Kidneys treated with cadmium and apocynin showed less interstitial fibrosis in comparison to the cadmium chloride treated kidneys. Also, an area percent of Caspaseimmuno- reactivity was significantly higher in cadmium treated group as compared to Apocinine and Apocinine & Cadmium treated groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: Potential beneficial effects of APO in reducing cadmium chloride induced renal damage.

[Naglaa A. S. Sarg, Samia M. Manawy and Kamal M. Kamal. Can Apocynin protect the kidney from the harmful effect of Cadmium in rats? J Am Sci 2019;15(2):60-69]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.08.

Keywords: Apocynin, Antioxidant, cadmium, kidney

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 Study on Prevalence and Its Potential Risk Factors of GIT Parasite in Small Ruminants in Metekel Zone, Dangur, Dibate and Mandura Districts

*¹ Dawit Tesfaye, *² Abebaw Abyi, *³ Worke Wodayinew, *⁴ G/Hiwot W/mechal, *⁵Bossena Fentahun, *⁶ Kebede Gurmessa, *⁷ Bihonegn Wodajnew

*^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6} Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Livestock and Fishery Resource Development Agencey, Assosa Regional Animal Health, Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring & Study Laboratory

*⁷ Assosa University College of Agriculture & Natural Resource, department of veterinary Science, Po box: 18, Fax:+251-057-775-0732, Mobile phone: +251 905608330, Twitter: @Bwodaj19,

Email: wodajbihonegn19@yahoo.com

Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with small ruminants GIT helminthes parasites in Mandura, Dangur and Debate Woreda, Metekel Zone, Northwest of Ethiopia on October 2018 based on coprological examination. A total of 431 small ruminants’ fecal samples (135 sheep and 296 goats) were collected and examined using standard parasitological procedures of direct smear, sedimentation and flotation techniques. The present study revealed that the overall prevalence of the major GIT helminthes parasite was 292 (67.7%). Out of 292 positive samples the species of parasite were found strongly (49.1%), Trichuris (2.1%), Ascaris (2.5%), Paramphistomum (3.2%), Emeria (6.1%) and as mixed infection (4.6%). The study showed that 62.2% and 70.3% of sheep and goats respectively were infected with one or more helminthes and higher prevalence was observed in goats than sheep and has no significant difference (P>0.05) between them. Female animals were found with higher prevalence of helminthes infection rate than male animals with a prevalence of 71.1% and 56.5% respectively and has no significant difference (P>0.05) between sex. Higher prevalence was observed in young animal than adult animal in this study and the prevalence was 76.6% and 64.8% respectively. There was statically significant difference (P<0.05) between age group. The study showed that higher prevalence of helmintic infection was observed in poor body condition animals as compared to medium and good body condition animals and their prevalence were 73.1%, 67.9% and 52.6% respectively. There was highly statically significant difference (P<0.05) between body condition of the animal. In conclusion the animal was affected by different helminthes parasite infections which cause loss of production, reducing growth rate and death of small ruminants. So the animal owner should be deworming their small ruminants by anthelmintics based on order of the Veterinarian to avoid drug resistance as recommendation.

[Dawit Tesfaye, Abebaw Abyi, Worke Wodayinew, G/Hiwot W/mechal, Bossena Fentahun, Kebede Gurmessa, Bihonegn Wodajnew. Study on Prevalence and Its Potential Risk Factors of GIT Parasite in Small Ruminants in Metekel Zone, Dangur, Dibate and Mandura Districts. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):70-77]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.09.

Keywords: GIT parasitie, Metekel zone, Prevalence, Risk factor, Small ruminant

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Constitutional Adjudication: Reforming The Judicial Process In India

Jamshed Ansari

Asstt. Professor (Guest Faculty), Faculty of Law, University of Delhi, Delhi (India)

E-Mail- jamshedansari024@gmail.com

Abstracts: The object of this paper is to review how the constitutional issues are adjudicated by the Supreme Court as it is only the Supreme Court which can authoritatively say what the law is. And also reviewing the judicial process involved in constitutional adjudication and suggesting measures to review the judicial process. This paper also seeks identify the factors to reform the judicial process. A descriptive and analytical method has been followed throughout of this paper and all aspects have been carefully considered and authenticated before arriving at any conclusions.

[Jamshed Ansari. Constitutional Adjudication: Reforming The Judicial Process In India. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):78-84]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 10. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.10.

Keywords: Adjudication, Judicial Process, Supreme Court, Access to justice etc

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Alternative Methods Of Access To Justice In India

Jamshed Ansari

Asstt. Professor (Guest Faculty), Faculty of Law, University of Delhi, Delhi (India)

Address: F-379, Main Jagatpur Road, Wazirabad, District- North Delhi, State- Delhi- 110084, Country- India

E-Mail- jamshedansari024@gmail.com

Mob. No. 09811365596

Abstract: The aim of the paper is to analyze the prevalent methods in access to justice in light of the power relations. Also this paper seeks to analyze the alternative methods of access to justice and suggest an alternative method of access to justice to suit the needs of Indian society. In the present paper, the author has tried to focus on the alternative dispute resolution mechanisms which can open new vistas for methods of access to justice. The process of adjudication as practiced in Courts presently, the lacunae of such approach is also dealt with in this paper. The author has tried to evolve a new method of access to justice which is suitable for the Indian legal culture. The author has made use of an analytical and descriptive style of writing. The author has done doctrinal research on the basis of available secondary sources like Books, Journals and websites.

[Jamshed Ansari. Alternative Methods Of Access To Justice In India. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):85-90]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 11. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.11.

Key Words: Alternative methods, Negotiation, Mediation, Lok Adalat, Nyaya Panchayat, Ombudsman, Courts etc.

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Role of ERCP in Management of Biliary Complications after Cholecystectomy

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Abd Allah Abd Elrazik¹, Dr. Sameh Gabr Attia², Dr. Kamal Abd El-Rahman Abo Sena¹, Mostafa Mahmoud Ahmed Haggag¹

¹General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

² General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

E-mail: mostafahaggag86@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: ERCP has assumed an important role because it facilitates evaluation and management of suspected biliary complications after cholecystectomy. Aim of the Work: the aim of this work is to evaluate the role ERCP in management of post-cholecystectomy (open-laparoscopic) biliary complications. Patients and Methods: these prospective study will be conducted in Al-Azhar University Hospitals (in a period from 9/2015 -9/2018) evaluate ERCP in management of post-cholecystectomy biliary complications in about 30 cases who were subjected to cholecystectomy and suffering from biliary tree related complications such as external bile leak, localized bile collection, bile peritonitis, or obstructive jaundice, missed stone. Results: There were 30 patients, 19 female and 11 male, with a median age of 59 (range 18–85) years. A great majority of 20 patients (67%) had undergone surgery at an outside hospital and were referred to our department. Most of the retained stones were extracted. Cystic stump leak (9/30) or post removal CBD T-tube site leaks without distal obstruction in one patient (3.3%) were treated with ES. Biliary tract injuries as Transections or clips occluding the ducts at different levels were found in 4 (13.3%) patients. Accessory duct leake was discovered in one patient (3.3%) and ercp and stenting was done. The success rate was high (90.9%) in all patients except in patients with larg stone that lithotripsy cannot done or anatomical variations as ampullary diverticulum. Conclusion: diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic interventions may be indicated for numerous cholecystectomy complications. ES and stone extraction is the preferred therapy for retained or recurrent stones.

[Mahmoud Abd Allah Abd Elrazik, Sameh Gabr Attia, Kamal Abd El-Rahman Abo Sena, Mostafa Mahmoud Ahmed Haggag. Role of ERCP in Management of Biliary Complications after Cholecystectomy. J Am Sci 2019;15(2):91-100]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 12. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.12.

Keywords: ERCP, Biliary Complications, Cholecystectomy

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Thermal-structural behavior of axially loaded CFST in fire condition

A.T. Kassem

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of engineering / Beni-Suef University, Egypt

Abdelraouf_kassem@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper aims to investigate both thermal and structural behavior of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes when subjected to a fire load, in order to figure out roles of various structural parameters on CFST fire endurance. Two main fire scenarios have been considered, by applying fire load at full column circumference or at half the circumference only. The ISO 834 fire curve has been considered as a standard fire load. Ansys has been used as a numerical modeling tool, where verification of both thermal and structural outputs has been performed using data, available in the literature. Buckling has been considered as the main structural failure criterion. Various structural parameters have been considered to investigate their role regarding column fire endurance. Column overall diameter, tube thickness, overall stiffness, and steel ratio have been considered as structural parameters. A parametric study has been conducted for both fire scenarios and structural parameters. Significance of various parameters to the research point has been clarified and presented in the paper.

[A.T. Kassem. Thermal-structural behaviour of axially loaded CFST in fire condition. J Am Sci 2019;15(4):101-112]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 13. doi:10.7537/marsjas150219.13.

Key words: CFST, failure, buckling, fire, ISO 834

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