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Addition of Daily Synchronous 3-Dimensional Conformal Boost to Gross Tumor Volume in Concurrent Chemoradiation plus Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Alaa Fayed¹, Mostafa M. Toom ¹, Khaled A. Mansor ¹ and Said Abdelmonem²

Departments of ¹ Clinical Oncology, ² ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

Fayed_alaa@yahoo.com

Abstract: Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy, survival, and toxicity of synchronous three- dimensional (3-D) conformal boost to the gross tumor volume (GTV) versus conventional fractionation in concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) plus adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC). Patients and methods: We enrolled 45 patients (31males and 14 females, median age 43 years) with stage III-IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma, all were randomized into 2 treatment arms; group A; Included 23 patients, who have received a dose of 1.8 Gy to the planning target volume (PTV) with concomitant boost of 0.6 Gy to the GTV, with a total dose of 72 Gy to the GTV and 54 Gy to PTV in 30 fractions during 6 weeks by using 3-D conformal radiotherapy, and group B; Included 22 patients, who have received, a dose of 1.8 Gy for 25 fractions to PTV then another 10 fractions to GTV with a total dose of 63 Gy during 7 weeks. Both arms received concurrent chemotherapy consisted of weekly cisplatin in dose of 35 mg/ m² given during irradiation then two cycles of cisplatin 80 mg/ m² plus docetaxel 75 mg/ m² every three weeks. All patients were monitored for mucositis, vomiting, weight loss and hematological toxicities. Results: The tumor response was evaluated 4 weeks after the end of the adjuvant chemotherapy, where the overall response (OR) was 91% in group A versus 77% in group B (P- value >0.05). The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 74% in group A vs. 64% in group B, the 2-year progression free survival (PFS) was 61% in group A vs. 54% in group B, the 2-year distant metastases free survival (DMFS) was 57% in group A vs. 50% in group B (P- value >0.05). Mucositis and vomiting were the most common acute toxicities as 64%, 48% respectively for mucositis and 55%, 41% respectively for vomiting. Both groups experienced grade 3-4 toxicities, grade 3-4 anemia and leucopenia were seen in 35% in group A and 32% in group B (P- value >0.05), but all toxicities were tolerable. Conclusion: The addition of daily 3- D conformal concomitant boost in concurrent chemoradiation is feasible and well tolerated achieving higher local control and improved tumor response rate, in patients with LANPC as compared to concurrent conventional chemoradiation especially with adjuvant chemotherapy to eradicate the distant micrometastases decreasing the incidence of distant failure.

[Alaa Fayed, Mostafa M. Toom, Khaled A. Mansor and Said Abdelmonem. Addition of Daily Synchronous 3-Dimensional Conformal Boost to Gross Tumor Volume in Concurrent Chemoradiation plus Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Am Sci 2015;11(3s):1-8]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 1. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.01.

Key words: Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Chemoradiation, Three- dimensional conformal radiotherapy, concomitant boost.

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Diagnosis of Chlamydial Ophthalmia in Egyptian Neonates

Magda H. Mahran¹, Manal M. Badawi¹ and Islam Abdallah²

¹Microbiology and Immunology Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology in Giza, Egypt

²Ophthalmology Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology in Giza, Egypt

manalmikhail@hotmail.com, magda_mahran@hotmail.com

Abstract: This study was performed to find out the relation between maternal genital Chlamydial infection and ocular Chlamydial infection of their neonates using two methods, Giemsa staining for detecting inclusion bodies and immunofluorescence (IF) staining for detecting elementary bodies (EBs) using conjugated monoclonal antibody and also comparing the sensitivity between the two tests. The study was performed on 50 pregnant ladies with vaginal discharge and 25 asymptomatic pregnant ladies and their neonates. It was found that immunofluorescent test is more sensitive and accurate than Giemsa staining for the detection of C. trachomatis both in mothers and their neonates and also in asymptomatic controls .It is advised in Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) endemic areas like Egypt to apply antibiotic eye drops to all newly born eyes immediately after birth. It is also recommended to treat any genital tract discharge in the last month of pregnancy.

[Magda H. Mahran, Manal M. Badawi and Islam Abdallah. Diagnosis of Chlamydial Ophthalmia in Egyptian Neonates. J Am Sci 2015;11(3s):9-13]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.02.

Keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) Immunofluorescence (IF) staining, Giemsa staining, Inclusion bodies, Elementary bodies (EBs)

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The Possible Protective Role of Sesame on Experimentally Induced Osteoporosis

Fouad Kamal Mansour, Moustafa Mahmoud Elhabeby, Hanaa Zakaria Nooh, Abeer El-Said El- Mehi and Ayman Abdallah Mohamed Refaey

Department of Anatomy &Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.

amiradawwam@yahoo.com

Abstract: objective of this work will be based on two folds: one of them is to study the different effect of calcium and vitamin D deficiency on growing and mature bone of female albino rat. The other one is to asses a possible protective role of a separate sesame component on osteoporotic bone. The two folds will be based on; biochemical, histological, radiological and Statistical studies.

[Fouad Kamal Mansour, Moustafa Mahmoud Elhabeby, Hanaa Zakaria Nooh, Abeer El-Said El- Mehi and Ayman Abdallah Mohamed Refaey. The Possible Protective Role of Sesame on Experimentally Induced Osteoporosis. J Am Sci 2014;11(3s):14-20]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 3. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.03.

Keywords:. Osteoporosis, calcium, Nutrition, Sesame seed, sesame hull

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Enterotoxigenicity and antibiogram profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food handlers in restaurants and cafeterias in Duhok city, Iraq

Ali Yahya Saeed

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Duhok, Duhok

Tel: 009647507957275; E-mail: ali.saeed@uod.ac

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causes of food poisoning throughout the world. Food handlers serving in restaurants and cafeterias are the main source of S. aureus who carry it in their nasal cavities. Therefore, the purpose of the this study to find out the S.aureus carrier in the nasal cavities of food handlers serving in the restaurants and cafeterias in Duhok city as well as to detect their toxiginicity and antibiogram profile. A total of 106 nasal swabs were collected from food handlers served in restaurants and cafeterias in Duhok city from September 2013 to December 2014. S. aureus was isolated from 31 (29.24%) out of 106 samples in which 10 (16.6%) out 60 were from food handlers served in restaurants and 21 (45.6%) out 46 from those served in cafeterias. Staphylococcal Enterotoxin type E was only elaborated by 7 (58.6%) out of 12 isolates of S. aureus. All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and 22.5% were methicillin resistant (MRSA). High percentages of resistant were found against ampicillin and augmentin which were 93.54% and 80.64% respectively, while lower percentage of resistant (3.22%) was found against both gentamycin and clindamycin. From the result of the present study nasal carrier of S.aureus is high among food workers served in the restaurants and cafeterias which required attention from local health authorities to minimize cases of food poisoning as well as to control both communities acquired and hospital acquired MRSA infections. Enterotoxigenicity test is important because not all strains of S.aureus are toxigenic.

[Ali Yahya Saeed. Enterotoxigenicity and antibiogram profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food handlers in restaurants and cafeterias in Duhok city, Iraq. J Am Sci 2015;11(3s):21-24]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 4. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.04.

Key Words: Staphylococcus aureus, enterotoxins, food handlers

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Epidemiology of Chronic Renal Failure in Arar, KSA, 1436

Nagah Mohammed Abo El-fetoh Abd El-raheem¹, Mohamed Mousa Abd El-Mawgod², Fatma Ibrahim Albladi³, Alaa Ahmed Aljabbab⁴, Badriah Mohammed Al Anazi⁵

¹ Assistant professor of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University and Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, KSA

E-mail-id: apdo3332008@yahoo.com

² Lecturer of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egy

E-mail: mossa20072006@yahoo.com

³Assistant professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University

E-mail-id: fatma.2.2014@gmail.com

⁴Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, KSA

E-mail: dralaa90@hotmail.com

⁵Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, KSA

E-mail: dr.badriah@outlook.com

Corresponding Author: Mohamed Mousa Abd El-Mawgod- E-mail: mossa20072006@yahoo.com

Abstract: A number of risk factors are associated with increasing prevalence of chronic end stage kidney disease with disease progression in many patients. Therefore, this study aimed at providing epidemiological data on the risk factors of chronic renal failure in Arar city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors for chronic renal failure in Arar City, the capital of the Northern Border area of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: The study is a case control (retrospective) study, Participants were the patients with End-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis in the hemodialysis center of Arar central Hospital during 1436. Data were collected from the patients of chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (they were 69 patients) by personal interviews and filling of a questionnaire which includes the questions that guide us to the needed data. Data were also collected from the same number of matched age, sex and residence control group. Data were obtained after applying for ethical approval from the Ministry of Health & General Directorate of Health Affairs in the city. Results: largest number of them (27.5%) aged 50 and more years, 5.8% of cases were under 10 years and 11.6% of them from (10-20) years. Females are more than males (52.2% Vs 47.8%). Diabetes mellitus was common among cases 44.9% compared to control group (27.5%) (Odds ratio was 2.14). 56.5% of cases and 17.4% of controls were hypertensive (Odds ratio was 6.17), chronic glomerulonephritis was found in 65.2% of cases and in only 4.3% of controls (odds ratio was 41.25), repeated attacks of urinary tract infection (UTI) was found in 34.8% of cases and in 23.2% of controls (odds ratio was 1.76), congenital anomalies of urinary system were found in 5.8% of cases, recurrent urinary stones were found in 4.3% of cases and in 11.6% of controls (odds ratio was 0.34). About half (47.8%) of cases and only 4.3% of controls showed frequent administration of analgesics (odds ratio was 20.16). No urinary tract tumors found in cases or controls. 59.4% of cases have duration of dialysis for less than 4 years, while 13.0% of them on dialysis for 12 years and more. Conclusion: This study was an effort to highlight the main risk factors that lead to ESRD. Identifying these major risk factors is an important part in preventing complications of developing ESRD. This study found that the main risk factors that lead to ESRD in Arar, KSA were chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic glomerulonephritis, repeated attacks of urinary tract infection and frequent administration of analgesics.

[Nagah Mohammed Abo El-fetoh Abd El-raheem, Mohamed Mousa Abd El-Mawgod, Fatma Ibrahim Albladi, Alaa Ahmed Aljabbab, Badriah Mohammed Al Anazi. Epidemiology of Chronic Renal Failure in Arar, KSA, 1436. J Am Sci 2015;11(3s):25-31]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.05.

Key words: Chronic renal failure, ESRD, Hemodialysis, Risk factors.

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Metallic Behavior for Normal State Resistivity of PrBa_2-xR_xCu₃O₇ Compounds

A. Sedky ^1,2 and M.I. Youssif ^3,4

¹ Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

² Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia

³ Physics Department, Faculty of Science at New Damietta, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt

⁴ Physics and Astronomy Department, Collage of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

sedky1960@yahoo.com, youssifm@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present work investigates the effect of R substitution at the Ba site on structural and transport properties of PrBa_2-xR_xCu₃O₇ compound (R = Er, Gd, Nd, La & x = 0.00, 1.5). The samples are examined by using XRD, resistivity and Hall coefficient measurements. The results of XRD indicate that the structure of the samples with (x = 0 and R = Er, Gd, and La) are quasi-tetragonal, while the sample with R = Nd is orthorhombic. Further, some of undefined lines could be observed in the XRD patterns of (R = Er, Gd, Nd and La) as compared to Pr: 123 sample. Interestingly the substitution of R at the Ba site leads to unusual drop in the normal state resistivity as compared to Pr:123 compound. Similar behavior is recorded for the carrier concentration against R plot. These results suggested that the hole filling might be the key parameter controlling the absence of superconductivity of Pr: 123 compound.

[A. Sedky and M.I. Youssif. Metallic Behavior for Normal State Resistivity of PrBa_2-xR_xCu₃O₇ Compounds. J Am Sci 2015;11(3s):32-35]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 5. 10.7537/marsjas1103s15.06.

Keywords: Pr: 123; Hole coefficient; Cu valance; Rare-earth elements

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