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The Journal of American Science
(J Am Sci)
ISSN 1545-1003
Volume 9, Issue 11, Cumulated
No. 69, November 25, 2013
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Page (online),
Cover (print),
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Contents,
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CONTENTS
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Titles / Authors
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1
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Can
Vitamin C and E supplementation
ameliorate Post-exercise
Protienuria?
Yahia Z. Gad 1,
Mohamed Y. Ghieda 2, Nancy A. Ahmad 1
Departments of Internal Medicine
1 and Kinesiology 2, Mansoura University,
Egypt
yahiazgad@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background/aim:
Exercise-induced protienuria is a common consequence of physical
activity; however, its mechanism is not fully understood.
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during aerobic
exercise has been involved. In this work, we aimed to study the
effect of exogenous antioxidant supplementation on
exercise-induced proteinuria. Subjects, Material and Methods:
A total of eligible 50 participants
were enrolled in this work,
conducted in the Faculty of Sport, Egypt, during December 2012.
Thorough history taking and clinical examination were done. A
total of 8 urine samples were taken from each participant,
twice-a day on three successive weeks; one before and one after
moderate exercise applied for two hours in the morning. Urine
samples were collected using the clean-catch method, then, total
urinary protein levels were assayed. One tablet (500 mg)
ascorbic acid and one tablet vitamin E (400 IU) was given daily
for each volunteer from the first day after the post-exercise
urine sample for 3 weeks as an antioxidant supplementation.
Results:
A statistically
significant reduction in both pre-exercise and post-exercise
protienuria and haematuria was evident when comparing the
initial and after 3 weeks results in subjects on anti-oxidant
supplementation. No gender differences in both pre- and
post-exercise proteinuria and haematuria on comparing the
initial and post-3 weeks data in the studied subjects (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
our data revealed a statistically significant amelioration of
post-exercise proteinuria on three weeks' exogenous vitamin C
and E supplementation in our studied untrained apparently
healthy volunteers. For a positive adaptive benefit, it is
strongly advised to perform regular moderate intensity exercises
especially to untrained subjects, to gain the antioxidant
protection.
[Yahia Z.Gad, Mohamed Y. Ghieda,
Nancy A. Ahmad. Can
Vitamin C and E supplementation ameliorate Post-exercise
Proteinuria? J Am
Sci 2013;9(11):1-5].
(ISSN; 1545-1003)
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
1
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.01
Keywords:
Antioxidants, Proteinuria,
Vitamin C, Vitamin E. |
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Detection of Black Hole Attacks by Invalid IP Addresses in
MANETs
Reza Amiri
Department of Information Technology, ACECR Kerman Branch,
Kerman, Iran
amirish60@ut.ac.ir
Abstract:
A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a set of nodes without the
required intervention of any fixed infrastructure such as base
station. Nodes in such networks communicate with each other via
wireless links. In absence of a fixed infrastructure, nodes in a
network need to cooperate to convey information over to those
nodes outside their radio range. In circumstances as such, a
malicious node can easily locate itself on the route and reduce
network functionality by deleting packets. In this paper, we
have proposed a method which enables to detect the potentiality
of malicious nodes using valid and invalid addresses, without
triggering false detection across the network. This method is
capable of detecting malicious nodes faster, without accusing
other nodes.
[Amiri R.
Detection of Black Hole Attacks by Invalid IP Addresses in
MANETs.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):6-11]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
2
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.02
Keywords:
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), Security, Intrusion detection,
Black hole attack |
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Relationship between Coronary Risk Factors, Insulin Growth
Factor-1, C-Reactive Protein, and Protein Mass in Frail Elderly
Moatasem S Amer1, Sarah A Hamza1, Tamer M
Farid1, Samia A Abdul-Rahman1, Enas R
Mohamed1, Randa A Mabrouk2
1Geriatrics
and Gerontology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
2Clinical
Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University,
Cairo, Egypt
sa1382001@hotmail.com
Abstract: Objectives:
To study the assess the relationship between coronary risk
factors, insulin growth factor, C-reactive protein, and protein
mass in frail elderly. Method: A case-control study
conducted among three groups each one comprised 30 elderly
participants (60years or older) recruited from the inpatients
wards and the outpatient clinic of Ain Shams University
Hospitals. Participants were categorized to frail and non-frail
using Fried’s criteria into 3 groups; Group A: 30 frail elderly
females, group B: 30 frail elderly males and group C: 30
controls. All participants were subjected to comprehensive
geriatric assessment, measuring of protein mass using
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
by GE Lunar DPX-MD Plus.
Measurement of Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), C-reactive
protein (CRP), glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol,
triglycerides (TG) and lipoproteins (HDL and LDL) in serum was
done. Results: The mean lean body mass was significantly
lower among the frail group than controls (P< 0.01). Mean
IGF-1 level was significantly higher in the control group
(68.02+ 3 vs. 57.21 ± 17, P = 0.05). The frail group had
a highly statistical significant lower levels of TG and higher
levels of CRP than the control groups (P <0.001) also the
case group had a statistically significant lower levels of LDL (P
< 0.05) and higher significant statistical levels of glycated
haemoglobin (P <0.01). Conclusion: Frailty is
associated with higher coronary risk including high levels of
CRP, glycated haemoglobin and lower levels of TG and LDL. There
was borderline significance between frailty and IGF-1.
[Moatasem
S Amer, Sarah A Hamza, Tamer M Farid, Samia A Abdul-Rahman, Enas
R Mohamed and Randa A Mabrouk.
Relationship between Coronary Risk Factors, Insulin Growth
Factor-1, C-Reactive Protein, and Protein Mass in Frail Elderly.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):12-16]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
3
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.03
Key words:
frailty, elderly, coronary risk factors, IGF-1, lean body mass |
Full Text |
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Distribution of
Dorsal Phalangeal Hair of Hands in Natives of Almadinah
Almonawarah Province, Saudi Arabia
Yasser M. Elbastawisy
Department of
Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Department of
Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
yasserbast@yahoo.com
Abstract: Introduction:
Hairiness in humans has been attracting the attention of
anthropologists for a long time. Many investigators studied hair
growth over the body including the axillary hair, pubic hair and
the hair on the phalanges of the fingers. They
tried to study the racial, geographical and sexual variations in
hair pattern in different populations.
Aim of the work: The present investigation aimed to study
the different patterns of dorsal phalangeal hair distribution in
natives of Almadinah Almonawarah province in Saudi Arabia and to
determine the existence of sexual dimorphism.
Subjects and Methods:
600 contributors (300 males and 300 females) aging 18-36 years
were randomly selected from medical and paramedical Saudi
students and employee of Taibah University, Almadinah
Almonawarah. Their clean hands were
examined under adequate lighting for dorsal phalangeal
hair distribution using hand lens. The collected data were
statistically analyzed. Results:
The present study showed that no difference in dorsal
phalangeal hair distribution between the right and left hands in
the same sex. Also, hair was absent on the dorsum of the distal
phalanges in all participants. Hair was present on the dorsum of
the proximal phalanges of 98.67% of males and 97.33% of females.
The most common combination of fingers with proximal phalangeal
hair was 12345 while, the least
common combination was 45 in males and 234, 45 and 4 in females.
Hair was present on the dorsum of the middle phalanges of 46% of
males and 38% of females. The most common combination of fingers
with middle phalangeal hair was 34 while the least common
combination was 5 in males and 45 in females. Dorsal phalangeal
hair distribution showed no significant difference between male
and female contributors.
Conclusion: Based on the
previous data, it is recommended to widen the scale of
similar future researches to cover a larger number of population
in different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
[Yasser
M. Elbastawisy. Distribution of
Dorsal Phalangeal Hair of Hands in Natives of Almadinah
Almonawarah province, Saudi Arabia.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):17-21]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
4
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.04
Key words:
Dorsal phalangeal hair, Almadinah Almonawarah, Saudi Arabia |
Full Text |
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Relation of Malassezia spp. with steroids acne and
folliculitis
Azhar A. F. Al-Attraqhchi1 Abbas M. M. Al-Ammari
2 and Mona Al-Jibouri2
College of Medicine/Al-Nahrain University/Dep. of Medical
Microbiology
College of Science/Baghdad University/Dep. of Biology
tariq_963@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Yeasts of the genus
Malassezia(M.) are known to be members of the skin micro
flora of human and other warm-blooded vertebrates. Acne is a
multi factorial disease involving the pilosebaceous unit, and is
most frequent and intense in areas where sebaceous glands are
largest and most numerous. Folliculitis is a superficial
infection of the hair follicles with purulent material in the
epidermis.
Aims:
To identify of Malassezia spp. are suspected to be
involved in the development of steroids acne and folliculitis.
Materials and Methods:
Ninety three patients with steroids acne and folliculitis were
included in this study, who attended Al-Kadhumyia teaching
hospital / Dermatology department, from the 30th of October 2010
to the 1st of April 2011. Fifty six (56) were males and thirty
seven (37) were females, with the mean age of
(19.16
± 2.55 years for steroids acne patients and 28.60 ± 1.63 years
for folliculitis patients)
(ranging between 3months to 70 years old). The diagnosis was
established by clinical examination done by consultant
Dermatologist. Control included 64 apparently healthy
individuals were randomly selected from entities, primary and
secondary schools in Al-Aubaidi city (43 males and 21 females)
with a mean age of 26.83±15.68 years (ranging between 1-70 years
old). Both groups were investigated for
Malassezia
spp., cultivation and identification of
Malassezia
spp. included Sabouraudَs
dextrose agar with and without olive oil.
Results:
Malassezia furfur
reported high percentage overall Malassezia spp. with
steroids acne and folliculitis patients (15.10%) and (20.0%),
respectively.
According to gender, males had higher infection rate than
females among dermatological problems. Steroid acne patients
with age group of (11-20) years had a high percentage among
others (74.0%). folliculitis patients with age group of (21-30)
years had a high percentage among others (50.0%). Oily skinned
patients revealed steroids acne and folliculitis.
Conclusions:
from these findings it was suggested that
M. furfur
reported a high percentage overall
Malassezia
spp. with steroids acne and folliculitis patients.
[Azhar
A. F. Al-Attraqhchi, Abbas M. M. Al-Ammari and Mona
Al-Jibouri. Relation of Malassezia spp. with steroids
acne and folliculitis.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):22-30]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
5
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.05
Key Words:
Malassezia
spp., steroids acne, folliculitis. |
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Ultrasonographic Estimation of
Age-Dependent Changes in Length of Spleen and Hepatic Lobes and
Diameters of Portal Vein and Common Bile Duct in Children
Gamal Abdel Salam, Esam Mehlab
and Ali Mohamed Ali
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of
Medicine, Benha University,
Egypt
drgamalsalam@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Objectives: To estimate portal vein diameter (PVD) and
common bile duct diameter (CBDD) and the length of spleen and
hepatic lobes using abdominal ultrasonography (US) and to
evaluate their relation to age, gender, weight (Wt) and height
(Ht) of normal children younger than 18 years. Subjects &
Methods: The study included 120 healthy children and
adolescents younger than 18 years divided into 3 equal age
groups with equal distribution of both sexes: Group A included
participants <6 years old, Group B included participants aged
6-12 years and those >12 years were included in group C. All
study participants underwent anthropometric and US measurements.
Results: All obtained US measurements showed
non-significant (p>0.05) difference between males and females.
There was progressive significantly (p<0.001) higher
measurements with advance of age in all obtained measurements
All obtained US measurements showed a positive significant
correlation with age, weight and height. However, PVD and spleen
length showed their highest correlation coefficient with height,
while CBDD and hepatic lobes’ length showed their highest
correlation coefficient with age. Receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of age, weight and height as
predictor for US measurements of internal organs defined height
as the most specific predictor for PVD and spleen length with
area under curve (AUC) = 0.697 and 0.550, respectively, weight
as the most specific predictor for length of hepatic lobes with
AUC=0.593 and 0.542, respectively and age as the most specific
predictor for CBDD with AUC= 0.599. Conclusion: Age was
found to be the main determinant of growth rate of these organs;
body height was the most significant determinant for PVD and
splenic length, while weight was the most significant
determinant of CBDD and hepatic length.
[Gamal Abdel Salam, Esam Mehlab
and Ali Mohamed. Ali. Ultrasonographic Estimation of
Age-Dependent Changes in Length of Spleen and Hepatic Lobes and
Diameters of Portal Vein and Common Bile Duct in Children.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):31-39]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
6
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.06
Keywords:
Ultrasonography, Internal organs dimensions, Anthropometric
measurements |
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Using Nanomaterials Treatments
to Improve the Performance Characteristics of Garment groups
with Special Needs.
Faiza F. S. Ebrahim1, 2
& Olfat S. M. Mansour1
1Faculty
of Science & Education, Taif University, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
2Academy
of Specialized Studies, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
f_wutext@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Special Needs garments can be
classified on the basis of their specified functions. Basically,
there are three main functional domains: protective, treatment
and caring. This paper investigates the possibility to improve
the comfort and functionality of these groups clothing with
nanotechnology by assessing all of the above concerns and
compare the benefits of nanotechnology with its disadvantages.
It will also investigate the role of nanotechnology in improving
sustainability. Fabric comfort is determined by its physical and
mechanical properties which are being influenced by the
finishing treatment. This paper study the effects of nano-silver
finishing on the physical and mechanical propertie.Plain weave
of 100% cotton fabrics have been finished with five distinct
solution concentrations (100,200,300,400 and 500 PPM) and have
been compared to the raw fabric. The physical and mechanical
properties including air permeability, wrinkle recovery, water
vapor permeability, breaking strength, breaking elongation and
bending rigidity have been measured. The results illustrated
that by increasing the solution concentration of the nano-silver
finish, air permeability has been wasted and there is a great
difference between nano-finished samples and the unfinished one.
Also by increasing the solution concentration, a slight decrease
in wrinkle recovery and an irregular decline in water vapor
permeability have been observed. Also an irregular increase in
thickness and breaking strength has been perceived and a
considerable raise in the breaking elongation and bending length
in both warp and filling directions was observed. All these
consequences have been confirmed by the mean of statistical
analysis.
[Faiza F. S. Ebrahim &
Olfat S. M. Mansour. Using Nanomaterials Treatments to
Improve the Performance Characteristics of Garment groups with
Special Needs. J Am Sci 2013;9(11):40-44]. (ISSN:
1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
7
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.07
Keywords:
Nanotechnology;
Cotton;
physical and mechanical properties, woven fabric, nano-silver
finish
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Head and Neck Swellings
Resection Control Using Intelligent Control Based on Mach3 and
Artcam Based on MRI Image
G.G.N.Gouid1, A.A.A. Nasser2, M.Z. mostafa3
and D.M.El-Hennawi4
1
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Alexandria University, Egypt,
2
Arab Academy for Science and Technology & Maritime Transports,
Alexandria, Egypt.
3
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Alexandria University, Egypt.
4
Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
gamal_dr1430@yahoo.com
[G.G.N.Gouid,
A.A.A. Nasser, M.Z. mostafa and D.M.El-Hennawi.
Head and Neck Swellings Resection Control Using Intelligent Control
Based on Mach3 and Artcam Based on MRI Image.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):45-52]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 8
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.08
Keywords:
blade motion control; driving circuit; stepper motor;
MACH3; ARTCAM; HANS |
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Dynamic ultrasound guidance
versus landmark technique in internal jugular central line
insertion in mechanically ventilated patients
Altayar Ashraf
(1), Abouelela Amr (1, 2), Sewify Khaled
(1), El-Sirafy Mohamed(3.4), Khaja
Mohiuddeen
(5)
Amr Mohammed Farghaly Mohammed(5),
Ashraf Amin Mohammed Hussein(1)
(1)
King Fahd Military
Medical Complex, ICU department, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
(2)
Alexandria University, Critical Care Medicine Department,
Alexandria, Egypt
(3)
King
Fahd Military Medical Complex, Radiology Department, Dhahran,
Saudi Arabia
(4)
Alexandria University, Radiology Department, Alexandria, Egypt
(5)
King Fahd Military
Medical Complex, Anesthesia & ICU Department, Dhahran, Saudi
Arabia
altayar.ashraf@gmail.com,
amrela313@yahoo.com,
drsewafie@hotmail.com,
sirafy@yahoo.com,
drkhaja@gmail.com,
farghely@yahoo.com,
ashraf_amin32@yahoo.com
Abstract:
It is sometimes difficult to establish central venous catheter (CVC)
in intensive care unit (ICU) setting especially in mechanically
ventilated patients and it can be associated with complications
in up to 10% and failure to get access in up to 33% using the
landmark technique (LMT).
The aim of this
study is to compare
between ultrasound technique (UST) and landmark technique (LMT)
in insertion of internal jugular CVC by experienced intensivists
in ICU mechanically ventilated patients. This prospective
randomized trial was carried out on 200 ICU mechanically
ventilated patients at King Fahd Military Medical Complex,
Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Patients were randomly categorized into 2
groups: LMT group (100 patients) and UST group (100 patients)
for insertion of CVC in the internal jugular vein. All
procedures in UST group were done by experienced intensivists
using dynamic ultrasound guidance by single hand technique.
Comparison between the 2 groups was done regarding the success
rate, number of attempts, duration of the procedure and
incidence of complications. The number of successful CVC trials
was 98/100(98 %) in UST group which was significantly higher
than the LMT group 87/100 (87%) (p= 0.018). The number of
attempts was 1.2 in UST group which was significantly lower than
the LMT group (1.64) (0.000). The duration of guide wire in the
vein in seconds was significantly lower in UST versus LMT group
(35.27 & 45.71respectively) (p= 0.004). The whole duration of
the procedure was also significantly lower in UST versus LMT
group (91.94 & 114.19 respectively) (p= 0.000). Regarding
complications, 3 patients developed pneumothorax in LMT group
versus no patients in UST group (p= 0.115). Arterial puncture
happened in 3/100 patients in LMT group versus 1/100 in UST
group (p=0.96). The incidence of catheter related blood stream
infection (CRBSI) is 10/100 patients in UST group versus
26/100 in LMT group (p=0.02). We concluded that insertion of
internal jugular CVC in ICU mechanically ventilated patients
using UST technique is superior to LMT in term of higher success
rate, less number of attempts and shorter duration of the
procedure while no significant difference was detected between
the 2 groups regarding the occurrence of complications except
for CRBSI which was significantly less in the UST group.
[Altayar
Ashraf, Abouelela Amr, Sewify Khaled,El-Sirafy Mohamed, Khaja
Mohiuddeen, Amr Mohammed
Farghaly Mohammed, Ashraf Amin Mohammed Hussein.
Dynamic ultrasound guidance
versus landmark technique in internal jugular central line
insertion in mechanically ventilated patients.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):53-59].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
9
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.09
Keywords:
central line cannulation, ultrasound guidance, landmark
technique, vascular access imaging |
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Hypovitaminosis D In Autoimmune Hypothyroidism
*Esmat Fawzy MD,
**Sahar Al-Sayed Mohamed MD, ***
Shebl M, MD,
****
Amr M El-Rabat MD
*Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Zagazieg
University, Egypt.
**Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura University, Egypt.
*** Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine
department, Minoufiya University Egypt.
**** Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Abstract:
Objective:
The present study investigates the
total vitamin D (25 OH) (Vit. D) in 79 Egyptian autoimmune
hypothyroid patients (AH) proved by assay of Thyroid peroxidase
(TPO) Antibodies in their blood.
Patients and methods:
A 79 patients (65 females and 14 males)
and a 14 apparently healthy individuals with matched age
and sex were underwent a detailed clinical examination and
routine laboratory tests in addition to thyroid function tests (TSH
and FT4), Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) Antibodies and serum
total Vit D (25 OH). Result:
The patient group was classified according to the level of TSH
into
subclinical and overt hypothyroid groups. Levels of serum TSH
were significantly increased in subclinical (X±SD
6.80±1.86 µIU/ml) and hypothyroid
(X±SD 55.20±34.39 µIU/ml)
groups as compared to control group
(X±SD1.86±.99 µIU/ml) (p< 0.001). The TPO level was
414.73±435.73 IU/ml in subclinical hypothyroid group and was
1029.37±996.60 IU/ml in the hypothyroid group. The levels
of serum
total Vit D (25 OH) were significantly
decreased in subclinical (X±SD
28.80±12.25 nmol/L) and hypothyroid groups
(X±SD
11.57±3.70 nmol/L)
as compared to control group (X±SD
90.86±12.60 nmol/L),(p< 0.001).
A highly significant negative correlation was found between
serum TSH, TPO and
total Vit D (25 OH) levels (P < 0.001). Also highly significant Positive correlation
was found between the levels of serum
total Vit D (25 OH) and
serum FT4 (P< 0.001). There was significant Positive correlation
between TSH and TPO levels (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Vit D
(25 OH) deficiency is associated with AH and further studies are
needed to determine whether its deficiency is the causal factor
or the consequence of the disease.
[Esmat
Fawzy, Sahar Al-Sayed Mohamed, Shebl M
and
Amr M El-Rabat.
HYPOVITAMINOSIS D IN AUTOIMMUNE HYPOTHYROIDISM. J Am Sci
2013;9(10):60-65].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
10
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.10
Keywords:
thyroid function tests, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, total
Vitamin D. |
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Increased Expression Of Fractalkine (CX3CL1) As Possible Role
In
In Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE)
Sahar S. Zalam1, Howida M. Sharaf2, Mervat Mohie Eldin Ali 1
and Samia Taher3
Clinical Pathology1, Internal Medicine Departments3,
Al-Azhar University Faculty Of Medicine For Girls And Clinical
Pathology, king Khalid university- ABHA- Saudi Arabia.
Thelittleruby@Hotmail.Com
Abstract:
Background: Fractalkine (CX3CL1), the unique member of the cx3c
chemokine subfamily, in endothelial-related inflammation.
Objective. based on the function of fractalkine (cx3cl1), the
unique member of the cx3c chemokine subfamily, in
endothelial-related inflammation, we hypothesized a role for
cx3cl1 in sle and its relationship with disease activity and
renal impairment. Method: Fkn /CX3CL1 Expression Was Studied
In 20 Female Patients With SLE Divided Into Active And Inactive
According To SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) & 10 Healthy
Volunteers As A Control Group, Using Quantitative Real-Time
Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) At Al-Zahraa & Ain Shams
University Hospitals. Results: There was A Highly Significant
Difference Between Fkn /CX3CL1 Mrna Expression In Active SLE
Patients And Inactive SLE Patients And Control Group, While
There Were No Significant Differences Was Observed Between
Inactive SLE Patients And Control Group. There Was A Highly
Significant Increase Of Serum Sfkn Levels In Active SLE Patients
As Compared To Inactive Patients And Control Group, Also A
Significant Increase In Sfkn Levels Was Found In Inactive
Patients When Compared To Control Group. There Were A
Significant Positive Correlations Between The Fkn /CX3CL1 Mrna
Expression & Serum Sfkn Levels In Active SLE Patients And SLE
Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), Dsdna, Urea And Createnin. In
Conclusion, We Have Demonstrated The Enhanced Expression Of Fkn
/CX3CL1 In Patients With Active SLE. Our Results Suggest That
FKN/CX3CL1 Plays A Part In The Disease Processe Activity,
Including Inflammation And Vascular Injury. However, Further
Studies Will Be Needed To Determine The Relative Importance Of
FKN/CX3CL1 Compared With Other Chemokines In SLE,And To Clarify
The Specific Role Of FKN/CX3CL1 In SLE Which Is Distinct From
Its Role In Other Inflammatory Diseases.
[Sahar S. Zalam, Howida M. Sharaf, Mervat Mohie Eldin Ali
and Samia Taher. Increased Expression Of Fractalkine
(CX3CL1) As Possible Role In
In Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE).
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):66-71]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
11
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.11
Key Words:
SLE, Fractalkine, CX3CL1, RT-PCR |
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Evaluating the epidermal
growth factor receptor in non small cell carcinoma of lung
according to the grade of tumor and cellular differentiation
Ashraf Fakhrjou,
Ali Esfehani,
Iraj Asvadi. Hiva Moein, Morteza Ghojazadeh
Hematology and
Oncology research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,
Tabriz, Iran
A_Fakhr-ir@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
which comprises the majority of lung cancer has proven difficult
to treat due to poorly understood pathological mechanisms. Over
expression of EGFR has been reported and implicated in the
pathogenesis of many human malignancies, including NSCLC. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the epidermal growth factor
receptor in non small cell carcinoma of lung according to the
grade of tumor and cellular differentiation. In this
retrospective study, 50 patients with primary lung carcinoma
diagnosed as pathologic NSCLC who underwent complete surgical
resection with systematic lymph node dissection without adjuvant
chemotherapy were evaluated. Patient gender, age, tumor size,
tumor location, surgical procedure, pathologic TNM stage, and
patient outcome were determined from the medical records. There
were 40 males and 10 females with a mean age of 55.12 ± 10.14
years. Most patients (40 patients; 80%) had adenocarcinoma
(ADC), whereas 8 patients (16%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),
2 patients (4%) had LCNECs. EGFR expression was not associated
with age, sex, smoking status, pathologic stage, or tumor or
node status. Significant differences were associated with
histologic differentiation, with well-differentiated tumors
expressing higher levels of EGFR than the poorly differentiated
tumors. A statistically significant difference in the EGFR
expression was observed across the histological subtypes (P<0.001). We conclude that
most of the NSCLC tumors have high EGFR expression, especially
in the SCC subtypes.
[Ashraf
Fakhrjou,
Ali Esfehani,
Iraj Asvadi. Hiva Moein, Morteza Ghojazadeh.
Evaluating the epidermal growth factor receptor in non small
cell carcinoma of lung according to the grade of tumor and
cellular differentiation.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):72-76].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
12
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.12
Keywords:
Small cell lung cancer; Epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR); Grade |
Full Text |
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Surgical Intervention for
Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurge During Coronary
Revascularization (Comparative Study)
Wahid Mohamed
Osman, Al-Husseiny Al-Husseiny Gamil, Mohamed Abdelaziz Shaarawy,
Saleh Raslan Hussein and Gamil Karam Mohamed
Cardiothoracic surgery, Faculty
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University.
s_eldayem@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Background:
Ischemic mitral
regurgitation is a common clinical problem of coronary artery
disease (CAD), developing acutely after myocardial infarction in
up to 19 % of patients. For
patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), it is not
clear whether adjunctive mitral valve (MV) repair at the time of
coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is beneficial.
Objective: To compare the outcome of patients with
moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation, those surgically
corrected at time of coronary artery bypass grafting either by
repair or replacement, versus those treated by coronary artery
bypass grafting alone.
Patients and methods: Between October 2009 and October
2011, a cohort of sixty patients with ischemic heart disease
associated with moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation. The
study was carried out in the department of cardiothoracic
surgery of Al Azhar University and Nasr Institute. All patients
had CAD with moderate IMR and were admitted for CABG combined
with mitral repair versus CABG alone. Results: After our
study evaluation, we found that patients who were offered the
combined approach of CABG with repair, showed more improvement
as regard to clinical and echocardiographic parameters, compared
to those who were offered the CABG alone procedure. We also
found that a worse preoperative left ventricle (LV) function is
a risk factor to the persistence or progression of the IMR
grades in the CABG only patients. Conclusion: We
concluded that the MV repair procedure done in our first group
patients offered some protection against the persistence or
progression of the IMR grades.
[Wahid
Mohamed Osman, Al-Husseiny Al-Husseiny Gamil, Mohamed Abdelaziz
Shaarawy, Saleh Raslan Hussein and Gamil Karam Mohamed.
Surgical
Intervention for Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurge During
Coronary Revascularization (Comparative Study).
Am Sci
2013; 9(11):77-87]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
13
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.13
Key Words:
Coronary artery bypass graft
(CABG), ischemic mitral
regurgitation (IMR) |
Full Text |
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Incidence of Nosocomial Blood
Stream Infection (BSI) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Cairo
and Beni-Suef University Hospitals
Amal Balbaa1, Azza
Abdulazim2, Mahmoud Ali3, Nadia Madany1and
Doaa Mabrouk4
1Medical
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Cairo University, Egypt
2Medical
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Beni-Suef University, Egypt
Medical Microbiology &
Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, KSA.
3Critical
Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University,
Egypt
4Medical
Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, BeniSuef
University, Egypt.
doaamicro60@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Nosocomial infections (NCIs)
are more frequently encountered in ICUs than in other hospital
areas and represent a major socioeconomic burden. Aim of the
Work: The current study aimed to evaluate the rate of
nosocomial blood stream infections (BSIs) in both the adult and
neonatal ICUs, the causative microorganisms, antimicrobial
resistance, outcome of infection, risk factors, and to identify
the most common isolates with molecular detection of the
resistance gene.
Methods: One thousand
and ninety one patients (adults & neonates) admitted to the ICUs
during the one year study period (March 2011 till February 2012)
were monitored daily and those who were suspected to develop
nosocomial BSIs, according to the criteria stated by the CDC,
were selected for enrollment in the present study. Blood
cultures were done and positive blood culture samples were
subjected to colony identification to detect the causative
organisms and antibiotic susceptibility testing for isolates.
Detection of extended spectrum beta – lactamase producers (ESBLs)
was conducted among Gram negative isolates by a screening test
and confirmed by double-disc synergy test (DDST). Coagulase
negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates were tested by
PCR for detection of mecA gene as they were the most
common isolates in all ICUs. Two hundred and fifty intravenous
catheters (IVCs) were collected and cultured by the standard
quantitative catheter segment method to detect primary BSIs.
Results: Out of the 1091 patients 117 had nosocomial BSIs.
The rate of nosocomial BSI was 10.7% with the highest percentage
in the NICU (29.9%), followed by the adult ICU of Beni-Suef
University Hospital (10.6%) and the lowest rate was recorded in
the adult ICU of Cairo University Hospital (5.8%). Out of those
positive cases, 46 patients died representing a crude mortality
rate of 39% (highest mortality rates were observed with CoNS
infections). Analysis of the isolated organisms showed that Gram
positive organisms were reported in 84 isolates (62.2%); CoNS
was the most prevalent (37%) followed by S. aureus
(12.6%). Gram negativebacilli were reported in 46 isolates
(34.1%), where K. pneumoniae was the most common (12.6%)
followed by Acinetobacterbaumannii (11.1%). Candida
albicanswas reported in only 5 isolates (3.7%). Concerning
antibiotic susceptibility, Gram positive isolates were mostly
sensitive to vancomycin (95%), while Gram negative isolates were
mostly sensitive to levofloxacin (63%). CoNS, the most
common strain in different ICUs (n=50), were tested for
production of mecA gene by antibiotic susceptibility and
PCR. PCR results indicated that 66 % (33/50) were mecA
gene producers while 96% (48/50) were cefoxitin resistant and
resistant to other B-lactam antibiotics by susceptibility
testing. Regarding the 250 IVCs cultured, 20 (8%) were culture
positive and coincided with results of blood cultures. The
highest number of isolates was reported from the NICU and
CoNS was the most common isolate (80%). These cases
represent BSI with a primary site at the vascular access
catheter insertion point.
Conclusion:
Nosocomial BSIs represent a
major problem in ICUs. BSI with multi-drug resistant pathogens
(especially CoNS) is difficult to treat and associated
with increased mortality. Of all available antimicrobial agents,
vancomycin is the most active and reliable treatment option,
however over-use may lead to emergence of resistance. Therefore,
restricting the use of vancomycin, along with implementation of
infection control programs are the most effective means for
controlling and decreasing BSIs and spread of CoNS.
[Amal
Balbaa, Azza Abdulazim, Mahmoud Ali, Nadia Madany and
Doaa Mabrouk.
Incidence of Nosocomial Blood
Stream Infection (BSI) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Cairo
and Beni-Suef University Hospitals.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):88-99].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
14
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.14
Keywords:
Nosocomial infections, blood stream infections, ICUs,
Coagulase negative staphylococci,mecA gene. |
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Biological and Chemical Control of the Sudden Wilt Disease of
Cantaloupe in Egypt
Ghada A. A. El-Kolaly1 and M. A. Abdel-Sattar2
1.
Vegetable Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research
Institute, ARC
2. Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Botany Department, Suez Canal
University
gkolaly@gmail.com
Abstract:
The possible biological control of the sudden wilt
disease-associated fungi, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina
phaseolina, Pythium aphanidermatum, and Rhizoctonia
solani. All cucurbit hosts were infected with the causal
organisms of sudden wilt. Capritop and Topsin M were the most
effective fungicides in controlling
the tested pathogens of sudden wilt disease. Trichoderma
species was investigated. In vitro experiment
revealed that all the tested Trichoderma spp.
inhibited the growth of all pathogens under study to a limited
extent. T ressei inhibited fungal growth significantly
higher than the rest of isolates (T. pseudokoningii
and T. hamatum or T. viride and T.
harizanum). F. solani and R. solani were
generally the most sensitive fungi to the tested Trichoderma
spp., while, P. aphanidermatum, M. cannonballus
and M. phaseolina, were less sensitive in this respect.
[Ghada
A. A. El-Kolaly and M. A. Abdel-Sattar.
Biological and Chemical Control of the Sudden Wilt Disease of
Cantaloupe in Egypt.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):100-108]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
15
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.15
Keywords:
Sudden wilt, Cantaloupe, Fusarium solani,
Monosporascus cannonballus,
Pythium aphanidermatum,
Trichoderma and Rhizoctonia solani |
Full Text |
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Modeling impact of psychological Factors on the Volume of
People’s Investments in Tehran Stock market
Mohammad Lashkary1,
Homa Mortazi2
1.
Department of management, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur
Branch, Neyshabur, Iran
2.
Department of management, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur
Branch, Neyshabur, Iran
E-mail:
homa.mortazi@yahoo.com
Abstract:
New financial
hypothesis which had relied on two main paradigms- rational
behavior ofeconomical factors and
efficient markets hypothesis were dominant in financial markets
for over half of a century.
However, some experimental evidences like the markets exceptions
which could not be clarified by common hypothetical models of
efficient market, predisposed the creation of hypothesis called
behavioral financial. Behavioral financial includes wide range
of psychological aspects and social science which has many
contradictions with efficient market hypothesis. The idea of
absolute rational behavior of investors to legitimize their
behavior in the stock market is not sufficient. Many
psychological factors make people not act completely rational in
their investment decisions. In this article, first we introduce
the behavioral financial and then review the psychological
factors affecting volume of people’s investments. The data
analysis approach would be based on regression analysis. The
psychological factors affecting volume of person’s investment
were identified and a questionnaire was designed based on these
factors which utilizes Lickert spectrum to review the research
variants. The results show that the volume of investment has a
direct relation with risk taking and self-confidence and reverse
relation with logic and personal habits of people. Eventually, a
model was achieved using the result, which shows the relation of
volume of investment with degree of risk taking and
self-confidence, logic and personal habits.
[Hamid Taboli, Marzieh Kahnooji. Modern methods and
technologies in teaching and classroom management in higher
education.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):109-115].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
16
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.16
Key words:
Rational behaviors; behavioral financial; stock market;
psychological factor;, amount of investment.
|
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Main Electrolytes Derangement in Re-feeding Syndrome in
Malnourished Children Admitted to Nutritional Rehabilitation
Center (NRC) in Basra
Hussein Ali Taha1 and
SawsanIssa Habeeb2
1Basra
General Hospitaland, 2Departmentof Pediatrics,
College of Medicine, Basra University.
sawsan19612000@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Re-feeding syndrome is potentially lethal condition.It can be
associated with significant mortality and morbidity.
Fluid-balance abnormalities, abnormal glucose metabolism,
hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and thiamin
deficiency occur in the first 3-4 days of initiating nutritional
support. (1)
Methods:
This is a prospective study; carried out to evaluate
malnourished children underwent re-feeding with serious
complications of fluid and electrolytes derangement assessed
clinically and by laboratory investigations. The study was
conducted on 71 infants and children aged 2-36 months (34 males
and 37 females) attending Nutritional Rehabilitation Center in
Basra General Hospital from (1st of February till the
end of August) 2010.Measurement of weight and length by standard
procedures was done and applied to appropriate charts for all
patients recruited in the study. Serum electrolytes (phosphorus,
potassium, and magnesium) and glucose were determined on first
and fourth day of admission. Results: All studied
children were underweight; 65 (91.5%) were wasted. Young infants
aged 2-6 months were significantly underweight and wasted
(56.3%, 55.5%) respectively. Forty six (64.7%) of malnourished
children were admitted with acute gastroenteritis and only 2
(2.8%) with compliant of poor weight gain. Forty two (59%) of
malnourished patients were considered as high risk group to
develop re-feeding syndrome with decreased oral intake for 5-10
days being the most common risk factors in 38(90.4%) of
patients. Only 12(16.9%) of patients developed clinical signs of
re-feeding syndrome with abdominal distention being the most
common sign. Serum Phosphorus and Potassium were significantly
decreased with re-feeding in frequency of 31 (43%), 28 (39.4%)
respectively. Hypophosphatemia was statistically significant in
young infants 2-6 months (55%) followed by toddlers less than 18
months of age (54.6%),male patients (58.9%), those with acute
gastroenteritis (60.9%) and with prolonged duration of
hospitalization more than seven days (76.5%). Reduction in serum
potassium was statistically significant in male patients and
those with acute gastroenteritis (55.9%, 54.4%) respectively.
Conclusion:
Severe wasting, underweight and high risk group were
significantly associated with decreased serum Phosphorus with
re-feeding on day four. While significant reduction of serum
potassium was associated with severe wasting and high risk
group. Serum glucose and magnesium level had no significant
association to child related variables. There was a significant
correlation of hypophosphatemia with age and initial diagnosis.
While hypokalemia significantly associated with age, initial
diagnosis and duration of hospitalization.
[Hussein Ali Taha and SawsanIssa Habeeb.
Main Electrolytes Derangement in Re-feeding Syndrome in
Malnourished Children Admitted to Nutritional Rehabilitation
Center (NRC) in Basra.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):116-125].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
17
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.17
Keywords:
Electrolyte; Derangement; Syndrome; Children; Rehabilitation;
Basra |
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Using
Nanomaterials Treatments to Improve the Performance
Characteristics of Garment groups with Special Needs.
Faiza F. S. Ebrahim1,
2 & Olfat S. M. Mansour1
1Faculty of Science &
Education, Taif University, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
2Academy of
Specialized Studies, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
f_wutext@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Special Needs garments can be classified on the basis of their
specified functions. Basically, there are three main functional
domains: protective, treatment and caring. This paper
investigates the possibility to improve the comfort and
functionality of these groups clothing with nanotechnology by
assessing all of the above concerns and compare the benefits of
nanotechnology with its disadvantages. It will also investigate
the role of nanotechnology in improving sustainability. Fabric
comfort is determined by its physical and mechanical properties
which are being influenced by the finishing treatment. This
paper study the effects of nano-silver finishing on the physical
and mechanical propertie.
Plain weave of 100% cotton fabrics have been finished with five
distinct solution concentrations (100,200,300,400 and 500 PPM)
and have been compared to the raw fabric. The physical and
mechanical properties including air permeability, wrinkle
recovery, water vapor permeability, breaking strength, breaking
elongation and bending rigidity have been measured. The results
illustrated that by increasing the solution concentration of the
nano-silver finish, air permeability has been wasted and there
is a great difference between nano-finished samples and the
unfinished one. Also by increasing the solution concentration, a
slight decrease in wrinkle recovery and an irregular decline in
water vapor permeability have been observed. Also an irregular
increase in thickness and breaking strength has been perceived
and a considerable raise in the breaking elongation and bending
length in both warp and filling directions was observed. All
these consequences have been confirmed by the mean of
statistical analysis.
[Faiza
F. S. Ebrahim and Olfat S. M. Mansour. Using
Nanomaterials Treatments to Improve the Performance
Characteristics of Garment groups with Special Needs.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):126-131]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
18
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.18
Key words:
Nanotechnology;
Cotton;
physical and mechanical properties, woven fabric, nano-silver
finish |
Full Text |
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Estimating Stock Returns
Volatility of Khartoum Stock Exchange through GARCH Models
Sharaf Obaid Ali 1,
Abdalla Suliman Mhmoud 2
1.
College of Computer Science,
Alzaeim alazhari
University, Sudan
Department of Mathematics,
College of Sciences, Shaqra University, kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2.
Department of Statistics, College of Economics and Political
Sciences,Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan
Department of Mathematics,
College of Arts and Sciences, Taif University, kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
abdallsuli@hotmail.com
Abstract: This study modeled
and estimated stock returns volatility of Khartoum Stock
Exchange (KSE) Index using symmetric and asymmetric GARCH family
models, namely: GARCH(1,1), GARCH-M(1,1), EGARCH(1,1) and
GJR-GARCH(1,1) models.
The study was carried out
based on daily closing prices over the period from 2nd January
2006 to 31 August 2010.The empirical results reveals that a high
volatility process is present in KSE Index returns series. The
results also provide evidence on the existence of risk premium
and indicates the presence of the leverage effect in the KSE
index returns series. Our findings indicate that Student-t is
the most favored distribution for all models estimated.
[Sharaf Obaid, Abdalla Suliman.
Estimating Stock Returns Volatility of Khartoum Stock
Exchange through GARCH Models. J Am Sci
2013;9(11):132-144].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
19
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.19
Key words: volatility,
GARCH, clustering volatility, leverage effect, risk premium, GED |
Full Text |
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Effect of Formaldehyde
Inhalation on the Olfactory Bulb of Adult Rats
Sayed Anwar Sayed, Faten Youssif
Mahmoud, Rasha I. Anwar and Rasha Mohammed Zaghloul Abdel Fatah
Anatomy Department, Faculty of
Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
fatenym33@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Formaldehyde is a widely used
chemical substance in our present society. There were frequently
reported complains of variable degree of olfactory disturbance
among high risk groups exposed to formaldehyde inhalation.
Aim of the work: The
present work was done to study the structural changes which
occur in the olfactory bulb of adult albino rats following
chronic exposure to formaldehyde inhalation. Material and
Methods: A total number of thirty adult male rats were used
in this study. They were divided into three groups. Group A
(n=10) was considered as a control group. Groups B (n=10) was
experimental group treated with formaldehyde inhalation 8
hours/day, 6 days/week for one month, Group C (n=10) was
experimental group treated with formaldehyde inhalation 8
hours/day, 6 days/week for two months. At the end of the
experiment the animals were sacrificed, the brains were
extracted and the olfactory bulb was dissected out. In all
studied groups specimens of the olfactory bulb were processed to
be studied by Einarson's Gallocyanin stain
and Golgi-Cox method. Transmission electron microscopy
was done in groups A and C. Results: The rats treated
with formaldehyde inhalation for one month (group B), showed
some degenerated cells in all layers of the olfactory bulb. The
mitral and tufted cells had some decrease in the extension of
dendrites. In group C which treated with formaldehyde inhalation
for two months, there was apparent degeneration of all cells of
the olfactory bulb. Golgi-Cox stain showed marked decrease in
the extension and branching of dendrites of the mitral and
tufted cells. Ultra structural study of the mitral and tufted
cells showed degenerative changes involved both the nucleus and
the cytoplasmic organelles. Morphometeric measurements showed a
significant decrease in the number of the mitral cells and
granule cells in group B as compared with the control group.
While group C showed highly significant decrease in mitral and
granule cells in comparison with the control group. These
results indicated that the degeneration and the loss of cells of
the olfactory bulb increased with the increase of the period of
exposure to formaldehyde. All these morphological changes
suggested that exposure to formaldehyde inhalation could lead to
functional disturbance ranged from hyposmia to anosmia. These
effects represent great problems especially for the high risk
groups; anatomists, technicians in histology, as well as medical
students during their dissection course. So, it was recommended
that persons who are exposed to formaldehyde inhalation should
take the precautions during work as wearing protective masks and
take care of good ventilation in the medical laboratories.
[Sayed Anwar Sayed, Faten
Youssif Mahmoud, Rasha I. Anwar and Rasha Mohammed Zaghloul
Abdel Fatah. Effect of Formaldehyde Inhalation on the
Olfactory Bulb of Adult Rats.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):145-155].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
20
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.20
Keywords:
Formaldehyde, olfactory bulb, adult rat, mitral cells and
granule cells. |
Full Text |
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Histological Study of Prolonged Exposure to Mobile Phone
Radiations on Young Male Albino Ratsʼ Cerebellar Cortex and the
Role of Ginkgo Biloba Supplementation
Abeer M. Azmy and Maha A. Abd Allah
Histology and
Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
maha_amine70@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Introduction:
Mobile phone technology expansion has raised concerns regarding
the effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the central
nervous system. Aim of work: This work was done to
demonstrate the possible histological changes that may occur in
the cerebellar cortex of young male albino rats as a result of
prolonged exposure to mobile phones radiations and the possible
role of Ginkgo biloba supplementation. Materials and methods:
Fifteen healthy young male albino rats were equally divided
into three groups; control (I), mobile phone exposed (II) and
mobile phone exposed concomitantly supplemented by Ginkgo
biloba(III). Both groups; II and III were exposed daily to
mobile phone radiations one hour/day for two continuous months.
Group III were concomitantly supplemented with daily oral dose
of Ginkgo biloba extract (100 mg/kg). Control one were housed
away from irradiation for the same period. The cerebellum of all
animals was dissected out carefully and processed for light and
electron microscope examinations. Results: Most of
Purkinje neurons in group (II) were shrunken, deeply stained,
surrounded by perineuronal spaces and arranged in more than one
row. They appeared distorted with different ultrastructural
features. Some of granular neurons had deeply stained nuclei.
Purkinje layer of group (III)
showed disarrangement with few darkly stained shrunken Purkinje
neurons were dispersed among numerous lightly stained ones. Few
affected granular neurons were observed. Numerous GFAP positive
cells were seen in the three layers of cerebellar cortex of
group II in comparison with that observed in control group. GFAP
positive cells in group III were less than that observed in
group II. Conclusion: Prolonged exposure to mobile phone
radiations provoked degenerative changes in cerebellar cortex
where Purkinje neurons revealed several structural alterations
with reactive gliosis. With Ginkgo biloba supplementation, these
changes were minimal.
[Abeer
M. Azmy and Maha A. Abd Allah.
Histological Study of Prolonged Exposure to Mobile Phone
Radiations on Young Male Albino Ratsʼ Cerebellar Cortex and the
Role of Ginkgo Biloba Supplementation.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):156-166]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
21
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.21
Keywords:
cerebellar cortex - Purkinje neurons- mobile phone radiations-
Ginkgo biloba |
Full Text |
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Effect of lithium on the
cerebellum of adult male albino rat and the possible protective
role of selenium (Histological, Histochemical and
immunohistochemical study)
Manar A. Bashandy
Anatomy Department, Faculty of
Medicine, Menoufiya University
a_z491@yahoo.com
Abstract: Introduction:
lithium is a
widespread therapeutic agent used for the treatment of manic
depressive and bipolar mood disorders. Clinical and experimental
studies have widely demonstrated the cerebellum as well as other
organ toxicity caused by lithium. Aim of the work: This
work aimed to clarify the toxic effect of lithium on rat
cerebellum and the possible protective role of selenium.
Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were
subjected to experiment for twenty-one days. The animals were
divided randomly into four equal groups: control; selenium
treated; lithium treated and protective (lithium and selenium
treated). Control group, rats in this group were given orally
the same amount of vehicle (distilled water and normal saline)
and Selenium group, received selenium at a dose of (0.5 mg/kg
b.wt /day) orally daily. Lithium treated group, was administered
lithium with daily dose of (150 mg/kg b.w/day). Protective
group, received selenium at a dose of (0.5 mg/kg b.wt /day)
orally daily 1 hour before oral administration of lithium. All
the animals were sacrificed at day twenty-two. Cerebellum of
each animal was processed for histological, histo-chemical and
immuno-histochemical studies. Results: In lithium treated
group, Histologically and histochemically, rat cerebellar cortex
showed pathological changes in the form of distorted, various
shaped Purkinje cells, which was degenerated in some areas and
appearance of vacuoles replacing these cells. Cerebellar medulla
showed some degenerated neurons and dilated congested
capillaries. There was mild PAS reaction in the degenerated
neurons in the cerebellar medulla. On the other hand, weak
reaction for Nissel granules in the perikarya of degenerated and
some Purkinje cells were seen. Immunohistochemically, in
cerebellar medulla of lithium treated group, neuroglial cells
and their processes showed strong positive immunoreactivity for
GFAP (Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein). On the other hand,
immuno-histochemical study on the cerebellar cortex of lithium
treated group, Purkinje cells cytoplasm showed strong positive
immunoreactivity for iNos (isoform Nitros Oxide). Additionally,
histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical examination
of the protective group displayed normal appearance of most of
Purkinje cells in cerebellar cortex and neurons in cerebellar
medulla, but still some neurons appeared degenerated.
Conclusion: toxic effect of lithium should be kept in mind
during chronic usage. Selenium advised to be administered in
concomitant with lithium treatment as it could ameliorate
lithium toxicity on cerebellum.
[Manar
A. Bashandy. Effect of
lithium on the cerebellum of adult male albino rat and the
possible protective role of selenium (Histological,
Histochemical and immunohistochemical study).
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):167-176].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
22
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.22
Key Words:
Lithium – Selenium – rat cerebellum |
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The Relationship between
Marital Satisfaction and Children's Attachment Style
Dr.
Leila nikmanesh
Department
of psychology, Faculty member of Payame Noor University, Iran
Leila_nik51@yahoo.com
Abstract:
It is important for family therapists to understand and respond
to the relation between parents’ marital
quality and
the psychological well-being of their children. There are few
subjects in modern psychological theory that
provoke as immediate a response as
the struggle to understand child-parent relationships. The
current research attempts
to investigate the relationship between children's attachment
style and parent's marital satisfaction.
Method: This correlation
study enrolled 260 girl students between 9-11years and their
mothers (between 20-40
years old) who were studying in
Shiraz primary schools during a cluster sampling. To collect the
data vulnerable Attachment
Styles Questionnaire (VASQ) and Enrich Couple
Scales were employed.Results indicated
that there is a positive correlation
between mother marital satisfaction and children's secure
attachment style.
[Nikmanesh L.
The Relationship
between Marital Satisfaction and Children's Attachment Style.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):177-180].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
23
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.23
Keywords:
Childrens' Attachment Style; Marital Satisfaction |
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and its Heat shock protein 60
(Hsp60) in childhood asthma
Iman A.M. Aly, MD, El-Sayed A. Amer, MD, Yasser M. Ismail, MD*
and Ahmad Ata (M.sc).
Pediatric and
*Clinical
pathology departments, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.
drahmadata2007@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease in
childhood. Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumonia) infection has
been associated with bronchial hyperreactivity,
new onset asthma, acute intermittent asthma, chronic
asthma and asthma severity. Some studies have shown marked
anti-Hsp60 seroreactivity in an exacerbation of culture-proven
persistent C.
pneumoniae lung infection and suggested that an allergic
reaction to Hsp could produce pulmonary symptoms. Aim of
study: This cross sectional case-control study aimed at
evaluating the serological evidence of C. pneumoniae infection
and its heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) on airflow limitation and
asthma severity in asthmatic children. Methods: We
evaluated 150 asthmatic children, 84males (56%) and 66 (44%)
females, their mean age was 7 ± 2.8 years, 45 with acute
exacerbations representing 30% and 105 with chronic stable
asthma representing 70%. They were investigated for C.
pneumoniae IgG and Hsp60 after PEFR (peak expiratory flow rate)
and PEFR % were done as standardized for children on dynamic
spirometry (Jaeger, Germany) device. Patients were
attending the pediatric asthma and allergy clinic as well as
patients admitted inpatient in pediatric department of Benha
university hospitals. Fifty age and sex-matched healthy children
were included as control group in our study. Results:
There was a highly significant correlation between C. pneumoniae
positive IgG and both asthma duration and asthma grade. While
there was a very highly significant correlation with peak
expiratory flow rate %. Regarding Hsp60 there was a significant
correlation between positive Hsp60 and asthma grade. While there
was a very highly significant correlation with asthma duration
and peak expiratory flow rate %. Conclusions: This study
provides serological evidence that chronic infection with
C.pneumoniae is present more in children with asthma than
healthy children. Our results support positive correlation of
asthma duration and severity to chronic infection with
C.pneumoniae. C. pneumoniae Hsp60 has an association with the
degree of airway obstruction in asthmatic children.
[Iman A.M. Aly, El-Sayed A. Amer, Yasser M. Ismail and Ahmad
Ata. Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and its Heat shock
protein 60 (Hsp60) in childhood asthma. J Am Sci
2013;9(11):181-186].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
24
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.24
Key words:
childhood asthma; chlamydophila pneumoniae; Hsp60. |
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Bioinspired Approach for Dental Implant Fuctionalization: An
Experimental Study Evaluating the Effect of Hyaluronate as
Bioactive Implant Coating
Ghada Bassiouny Ahmed
Department Of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty Of
dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt And
Dental College, Qassim University,KSA
dr.ghada.bassiouny@qudent.org
Abstract:
Limited osseointegration of dental implants in areas of poor
quantity and quality of bone underscore the need for novel
approaches that modulate host cell-implant responses to enhance
osseointegration. Bioinspired strategies have emerged and
included functionalizing implants with extracellular matrix
proteins to augment the biological performance of dental
implant. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether
coating implant surface with hyaluronate will improve
osseointegration compared to uncoated implant surface. Twelve
mature New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.5 - 3.5 kg were
implanted with a hyaluronate -coated implant in one tibia and
uncoated implant in the other one. Six animals were evaluated by
scanning electron microscope for a period of 4 or 8 weeks.
Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the
implants with hyaluronate coating had significantly the least
percentage of gap distance at 8 weeks (P=0.0079) compared with
the uncoated implants. Biofunctionalization of the
implant surface with hyaluronate significantly improve bone to
implant contact and osseointegration.
[Ghada
Bassiouny Ahmed.
Bioinspired Approach for Dental Implant Fuctionalization: An
Experimental Study Evaluating the Effect of Hyaluronate as
Bioactive Implant Coating.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):187-192].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
25
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.25
Keywords:
Dental implant, osseointegration, surface
modifications,biofunctionalization, extracellular matrix,
hyaluronate. |
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A Flowcytometry Study of
Complement Regulatory Proteins Expression on Peripheral Blood
Cells in
Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Mona Fattouh1, Tamer
Mohamed1,
Esam M. Abu Al Fadl
2,
Abdel Rahman Hafez3
Departments of 1Medical
Microbiology and Immunology, 2Rheumatology
and Rehabilitation, and
3Orthopedic
Surgery, Sohag Faculty of
medicine, Sohag University
monarahman2002@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract: Background:
Inappropriate activation or blockage of inhibition of the
complement system could cause tissue damage in autoimmune
diseases particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CD55 and CD59
are proteins with complement regulatory (Creg) properties that
ensure cell and tissue integrity when this system is activated.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the
expression of CD55 and CD59 complement regulatory proteins on
peripheral blood cells of RA patients and its association with
disease activity. Subjects and Methods:
Seventy RA patients clinically
diagnosed and classified as RA according to the American College
Of Rheumatology/European Leagues against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR)
revised criteria for the classification of RA (2010), were
included in our study with mean age of 40.32±2.27
years, including 58 (82.9
%) females and 12 males (17.1 %).
They were attending the Department of Rheumatology and
Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University during the
period from June 2012 to August 2013. The clinical parameters of
disease activity were determined, including the 28-joint disease
activity score (DAS28), C-reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid
factor (RF) levels. The patients were subdivided into active
disease group (n=50) with DAS28 score higher than 5.1 (Group I);
and remission group (n=20) with DAS28 score less than 2.6 (Group
II). Twenty healthy
individuals with
mean age 33.44±7.09
years, including
14 (70%) females and 6 males
(30%) were randomly selected as the control group (Group III).
Flowcytometric analyses of expression of CD55 and CD59
complement regulatory proteins on erythrocytes, T lymphocytes, B
lymphocytes, and neutrophils of all the study population were
performed. The
correlations between the
expression of CD55 and CD59 complement regulatory proteins on
peripheral blood cells and
disease activity parameters of patients with RA were determined.
Results:
In RA patients, CD55 and CD59 were significantly decreased on
red blood cells in comparison to control group. The mean
fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD55 and CD59 on RBCs were
highly significantly lower in RA patients both in active and in
remission stage of the disease than those of healthy controls (p
< 0.01). As MFI for CD55 on RBCs was
9.07
±
4.05 arbitrary units for
patients and 21.33
±
5.87 for healthy group.
CD59 MFI was 28.87
±
7.40 in patient group and
47.4
±
7.41 in healthy group.
The MFI of CD55 on neutrophils was
significantly lower (p
< 0.05) in RA patients in active stage of the disease and was
highly significantly (p
< 0.01) lower in remission stage of the disease than those of
healthy controls. As MFI of CD55 on neutrophils was
85.63
±13.02
arbitrary units for patients and
93.44
±
6.65 for healthy group.
CD59 MFI was 78.79
±
12.29 in patient group
and 78.94
±
6.16 in healthy group.
The MFI of CD55 and CD59 on B Lymphocytes were significantly
lower in RA patients in remission stage of the disease than
those of healthy controls. As MFI of CD55 on B Lymphocytes was
3.87
±
2.99 arbitrary units for
patients and 4.94
±
2.76 for healthy group.
CD59 MFI was 2.05
±
1.62 in patient group and
2.78
±1.45
in healthy group. Only
the MFI of CD59 on T lymphocytes was significantly lower (p
< 0.05) in RA patients in active stage of the disease. As MFI of
CD55 on T Lymphocytes was
20.22 ±
6.36 arbitrary units for
patients and 23.27
±
4.66 for healthy group.
CD59 MFI was 21.93
±
5.42 in patient group and
26.16
±
4.60 in healthy group. In addition, a significant positive correlation between CD55
and CD59 expression on the patients' peripheral blood cells and
the disease activity was found; as besides confirming the
decreased expression of CD55 and CD59, it was demonstrated that
the higher the disease activity, the lower their expression on
peripheral blood cells.
Conclusion:
The expression of CD55
and CD59 is down-regulated on peripheral blood cells of patients
with RA; which may
contribute to the pathogenesis of RA and it can be an indicator
of disease activity and
help in patients' follow-up.
[Mona
Fattouh, Tamer Mohamed,
Esam M. Abu Al Fadl
and
Abdel Rahman Hafez.
A Flowcytometry Study of Complement Regulatory Proteins
Expression on Peripheral Blood Cells
in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):193-201].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
26
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.26
Keywords:
Rheumatoid Arthritis, CD55,
CD59, Flowcytometry. |
Full Text |
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Smoking Cessation and Quality of life among Patients with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease after Motivational
Interviewing
Asmaa Hamdi1, Nevein Mostafa2, Samah Abdel
Wahed2
1Medical-Surgical
Nursing Department, 2Psychiatric Nursing Department,
Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
Asmaa.hamdi@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Smoking cessation is the single most important thing that can
improve quality of life of patient with COPD. The aim: The aim
of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational
intervention incorporating motivational interviewing on smoking
cessation and quality of life of patients with COPD. Methods: A
quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study on
60 patients (intervention & control), smokers with COPD in Chest
department and outpatient clinic of Ain Shams University
Hospitals. Four tools were used for data collection at the
beginning included; Socio-demographic characteristics sheet,
patient's knowledge assessment questionnaire, Fagerstrom test
for nicotine dependence and St. George’s respiratory
questionnaire. Then, educational intervention incorporating
motivational interviewing was conducted for the intervention
group followed by reassessment of quality of life, number of
cigarettes smoked per day and level of dependence on nicotine
one month after intervention and 3 months later for the
intervention and control group. Results: There were
statistically significant differences between both groups
(intervention & control) one month post intervention and 3
months later regarding their number of cigarettes smoked per
day, level of dependence on nicotine and quality of life.
Conclusion and recommendations: The current study proved the
positive effects of the educational intervention incorporating
motivational interviewing on the smoking cessation and quality
of life of patients with COPD. The study recommended providing
accurate information to stop smoking using open questions, and
focusing on motivation to assess and support patient’s ability
to quit smoking.
[Asmaa Hamdi, Nevein Mostafa, Samah Abdel Wahed. Smoking
Cessation and Quality of life among Patients with Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease after Motivational Interviewing.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):202-209].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
27
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.27
Keywords:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; motivational
interviewing; smoking cessation; quality of life. |
Full Text |
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Sub acute apoplexy of pituitary tumors: Outcome
of 8 cases with surgical decompression and review of literature
Abd El baset Ali;
Mamoun A. Shusha, Mohammed Fathey, and Mostafa Abd El-Sameeh
Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al
Azhar University
nail4444@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Small cyst or minute hemorrhages within pituitary
tumors have previously been referred to as "silent pituitary
apoplexy" implying the absence of symptoms referable to the
event. Acute Apoplexy is usually rare. Subacute degeneration
within the tumor is common; this clinical condition is
reportedly seen in less than 10% of pituitary tumors.
Objective: Aim of this study is to show the surgical outcome
in eight consecutive patients presented with headache with
investigations proving the presence of pituitary apoplexy.
Materials and Methods: This study included eight
patients with pituitary tumors complicated by subacute
degenerative changes "apoplexy"; they underwent full clinical &
radiological diagnosis. All patients were operated upon. Then
all patients had been followed up for 8-10 months. Patients were
collected in an overall period of 14 months. Result:
Rapid surgical decompression gave excellent outcome in
regressing the severely presenting headache and neurological
deficit through a period ranged between 4 days and 3 weeks.
Conclusion: Subacute apoplexy within the pituitary tumors is
a large clinical state. It needs rapid assessment and
transsphenoidal decompression to save both life and sight.
[Abd
El baset Ali; Mamoun A. Shusha,
Mohammed Fathey and Mostafa Abd El-Sameeh.
Sub acute apoplexy of pituitary tumors: Outcome of 8 cases
with surgical decompression and review of literature. J
Am Sci 2013;9(11):210-214].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
28
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.28
Key words:
Pituitary apoplexy, ophthalmoplegia, Pituitary tumor,
transshpenoidal |
Full Text |
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High prevalence of undetected
metabolic risk factors among Saudi male office workers in a
selected institution in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Mirza,
Ali Alzahrani, Omar Alfarhan, Essam Nour-Eldin
Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty
of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
dr.a.mirza@hotmail.com
Abstract: Background:
The prevalence of diabetes
is increasing, as a consequence of increasing incidence due to
demographic changes such as ageing, and as a result of risk
factors such as obesity and sedentary life becoming more common.
Hyperlipidemia is reaching higher prevalence rates in Saudi
Arabia. Our study is
designed to clarify undetected metabolic risk factors including
diabetes, newly developed Pre-diabetes and dyslipidemia which
are contributing to cardiovascular complications among Saudi
male office workers in a major institution in makkah city.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study among Saudi male
office workers in the administration of general education of
makkah city, which is one of the biggest office buildings in
makkah city. 141 male was selected and their age is over 20.
They were included to obtain fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2
hours postprandial glucose, Triglycerides (TG), Cholesterol (Chol.),
HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. Results: The
Pre-diabetic individuals entirely (IFG and IGT) constitute
(32.7%) 46 out of the total participants. 32 out of total
individuals accidently were found diabetic (22.7%). Up to 37% (n
= 48) of individuals developed hypercholesterolemia which were
underdiagnosed. Conclusion: This study has found that
diabetes and pre-diabetes is common among Saudi office workers
and still some people unaware of their illness. The dyslipidemic
changes among those pre-diabetic office workers are similar of
that in the diabetic individuals which are liable for
arthrogenic risk. Also there is increasing of undetected
dyslipidemic changes.
[Ahmad Mirza,
Ali Alzahrani, Omar Alfarhan. High prevalence of undetected
metabolic risk factors among Saudi male office workers in a
selected institution in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. J Am
Sci 2013;9(11):215-219].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
29
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.29
Keywords:
Undetcted metabolic risk factors,
Office workers, Undiagnose diabetes |
Full Text |
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Lateral Closing Wedge
Osteotomy of the Radial Styloid in Treatment of Scaphoid
Proximal Pole Nonunion with AVN
Ezzat H Fouly1
and Ahmed F Sadek2
1Consultant
Orthopedic Surgeon, 2Lecturer of Orthopedic Surgery
and Traumatology, Minia,
University Hospital, Egypt
ezatfoli2004@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Nonunion is the most
common complication after scaphoid fracture treatment especially
proximal pole fracture. Because the vascular supply of the
proximal pole primarily relies on vessels entering the scaphoid
more distal, thereby making the proximal pole particularly
susceptible to ischemic changes placing it at risk for avascular
necrosis (AVN). Furthermore the radial styloid essentially
functions as a fulcrum against the center of the scaphoid,
resulting in the predominance of fracture. Over long time,
patients may then experience pain, instability, and eventual
collapse of the proximal pole that leads to intercarpal or
radiocarpal arthritis. Eight patients with symptomatic nonunion
of the proximal pole fracture of the scaphoid with AVN had been
treated by excision of the proximal pole and lateral closing
wedge osteotomy of the radial styloid. The average age was 37
years. The average time of delay before the operation was 27
months. The average duration of follow up period was 10 months.
The radial deviation, grip strength and the resting pain
improved and the changes were statistically significant. This
technique is a simple procedure and effective technique for
management of scaphoid proximal pole nonunion with AVN.
[Ezzat
H. Fouly, and Ahmed F. Sadek.
Control of the Activity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa by Positive
Electric Impulses at Resonance Frequency
Am Sci
2013;9(11):220-224]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
30
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.30
Key Words:
styloid osteotomy, scaphoid nonunion, AVN, proximal pole |
Full Text |
30
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31
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Effect of Transcutaneous
Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on the Relief of
Dysmenorrheal Pain among Students of Applied Medical Science
College At Hafer Al-Batin
Suliman A AlYousef1,
Seham A. Abd El-Hay2, Nabila S Mohamed3,
L. Randa M Abo Baker4
1Medical
laboratory D. Damam University, 2Medical &surgical
Nursing D. Tanta University Egypt,
3Obestatric
& Gynecological Nursing D. Zagazig University Egypt, 4Technical
nursing institution, Balteem, Kafre Sheikh Governorate
*Corresponding
author e-mail:
saalyousef@ud.edu.sa
Abstract:
Background:
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is non
pharmacological method used by a variety of health care
professionals to reduce pain in a variety of conditions
including dysmenorrhoea.
Objective:
This study was conducted to assess the effect of tanscutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation on the relief of dysmenorrheal pain
among students in College of Applied Medical Science, Damam
university at Hafer Al-Batin Governate in the Kingdom Saudi
Arabia (KSA). Setting:
This study was carried out at the College of Applied Medical
Science at Hafer Al-Batin, on convenient sample of 40 students
who were selected systematically from first, second and third
year. Methods:
Tools used for data collection were divided into three parts
which are
Structured Interview
questionnaire,
Visual analogue scale (VAS)
and
Follow up sheet
Results:
After demonstration of the procedure on the nursing students,
there was significant improvement in the level of dysmenorreal
pain. Discussion and
Conclusion:
According to the present study results, this tanscutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can provide safe and
effective non pharamacological method for pain relief of
dysmenorrhea.
[Suliman A AlYousef, Seham A.
Abd El-Hay, Nabila S Mohamed and Randa M Abo Baker. Effect of
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on the Relief
of Dysmenorrheal Pain among Students of Applied Medical Science
College At Hafer Al-Batin.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):225-234].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.americanscience.org.
31
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.31
Key words:
Dysmenorrhea, Tans-Cutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation(TENS) |
Full Text |
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Effect of Ozone Olive Oil Ointment Dressing Technique on the
Healing of Superficial and Deep Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Hend Abdelmonem Elshenawie1,
Wael Elsayed Ahmed Shalan2, Aziza Elsaeed Abdelaziz3
1Lecturer,
Medical Surgical department Faculty of Nursing
2
Assistant professor, Vascular Surgical department, Faculty of
Medicine
3
Teacher in Technical Institute of Nursing, Alexandria University
– Egypt
sscopyprint2012@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Diabetic
foot ulcers and other foot problems such as, infection, and
gangrene are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in
diabetic people
through the world.(1, 2)
In
diabetic patients the presence of neuropathy and ischemia make
the consequence of minor trauma leading to cutaneous ulceration
and wound healing failure. (3)These
problems lead to serious complications which usually have an
effect on patients quality of life, and are the leading cause of
hospitalization.
Management of patients with diabetic
foot ulcer can prevent the most serious complications. In order
to prevent these complications and promote healing the nurse
needs to understand physiology of wound healing, as well as
treatment modalities to be able to select the appropriate
technique and solution for wound management.
such as Honey, Der magran (Zinc-saline) and Ozonated olive oilIn
addition, educating the patients about the proper foot
management systems(4). Therefore the aim of this
study is measuring the effect of ozonated olive oil ointment
technique on the healing of superficial and deep diabetic foot
ulcers.The study was conducted at Alexandria Main University
Hospital and followed up for 3months.The sample comprised 30
adult patients who had foot ulcers.. The sample was divided
equally into two groups, study and control groups. The study
group was treated by ozonated olive oil ointment 0.9%, once /day
and control group was treated by hospital routine solutions
(saline 0.9%, betadine 10%) once /day. This study revealed that,
ozonated olive oil solution had better healing effect than
conventional solution on all grades of foot ulcers. Based on the
results of the study, it is recommended that, ozonated olive oil
ointment should be used on a daily basis time to treat deep
diabetic foot ulcers, and increase nurses’ awareness about
ozonated olive oil ointment dressing technique.
[Hend Abdelmonem Elshenawie, Wael Elsayed Ahmed Shalan and
Aziza Elsaeed Abdelaziz.
Effect of Ozone Olive Oil Ointment Dressing Technique on the
Healing of Superficial and Deep Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):235-250]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
32
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.32
Keywords:
Effect; Ozone; Olive; Oil; Ointment; Diabetic; Foot; Ulcers |
Full Text |
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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in A Neonatal Intensive Care
Unit
Ahmed A Khattab, Dalia M El-Lahony and Wessam Fathy
Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya
University, Egypt.
amirahassan507@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common
nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit and is
associated with major morbidity and mortality. Intubation
compromises the integrity of the oropharynx and trachea and
allows oral and gastric secretions to enter the lower airways.
VAP results from the invasion of the lower respiratory tract and
parenchyma by microorganisms.
Infants mechanically ventilated in neonatal intensive
care unit (NICU) are at a particularly high risk of developing
VAP because of poor host factors, severe underlying disease,
prolonged use of mechanical ventilation, inadequate pulmonary
toilet and extensive use of invasive devices and procedure.Difficulties
in diagnosis of VAP have led to the development of many
diagnostic techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage, protected
specimen brush and quantitative endotracheal aspirates.
Aim: The current study was
done in order to determine the incidence, risk factors and
organisms causing nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients in
neonatal intensive care unit (NICU(.
Patients and methods: This study was conducted on
85 neonates in the neonatal
intensive care unit (NICU) of Menoufyia university hospital in
the period from April 2012 to January 2013.These neonates were
on mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours because of
different illness. They were studied for diagnosing VAP based on
the combination of criteria defined by centers for disease and
control (CDC). They were divided into two groups according to
the presence or absence of Vap (diagnosed by CDC and confirmed
by non bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage):Group (I), (VAP):
It included 47 patients with VAP.
Group (II), (Non VAP):
It included 38 mechanically ventilated patients without VAP.
Both groups were subjected to Full History, Full Clinical
examination and laboratory investigations including: Complete
blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP),Liver function
tests, Kidney function tests, Blood culture, Chest radiograph
done on admission and repeated as required, Arterial blood gases
(ABG) monitoring every 12 hours,Monitoring of the ventilator
settings, and Non bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage.
The results of the present study showed that incidence of
VAP was (55.3%) significantly higher than non VAP neonates
(44.7%). And the incidence density of VAP in this study was 27.9
per one thousands ventilator days. Prematurity, low birth
weight, prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, enteral
feeding and invasive manuevers were risk factors for VAP. There
was significant difference between the VAP and non VAP in the
total leucocytic count, CRP, and hypoalbuminemia. In this study,
microorganisms associated with blood stream infection in VAP
diagnosed group were, Staph aureus (15%), klebsiella
(8%), candida (6.5%), pseudomonas (4.2%),
E. coli
(4.2%), while 61.7% of obtained blood cultures in VAP patients
were sterile. The results of
(NB-BAL) cultures were klebsiella (34%), pseudomonas (25.5%),
Staph aureus (17%),
E. coli
(17%), candida (6.4%). In our study,
nearly most of the studied newborn infants who developed VAP had
not the same organism that caused their blood stream infection.
Conclusion:
-The most important risk factors
of VAP in our unit included prematurity, low birth weight,
prolonged duration of ventilation, enteral feeding, placement of
umbilical catheters, chest tubes and central lines.-NB-BAL
is a practical diagnostic method in clinically suspected VAP in
neonates.- Gram negative organisms comprised the majority of
cultures obtained by NB-BAL, klebsiella pneumoniae was
the most common identified organism.
[Ahmed A Khattab, Dalia M El-Lahony and Wessam Fathy.
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in A Neonatal Intensive Care
Unit.
J Am Sci2013;9(11):251-258].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
33
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.33
Keywords:
Ventilator; Pneumonia; Neonatal Intensive Care; Unit |
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The
protective role of Echium humile extract against toxicity
induced by insecticide (malathion) in male albino rats
Abd El-Aziz.A. Diab1;
Samih.I. El-Dahmy2; Soliman. S. A1.
Ibrahim and Mahmoud.M. Nasser 1.
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of
Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
2
Pharmacognocy Department, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
nasser_mahmoud55@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The present study was designed to
evaluate the influence of Echium humile extract treatment
in rats exposed to malathion. Twenty eight adult male rats were
used in this study and distributed into four groups. Animals of
group 1 were treated with 1 ml of distilled water and served as
control. Rats of group 2 were orally given malathion at a dose
level of 75 mg/kg/b.wt for a period of 28 days. Rats of group 3
were supplemented with Echium humile
extract at a dose
level of (250 mg/kg/b.wt).
Experimental animals of group 4 were orally given Echium
humile extract
at the same dose given to group 3 and after 1 hours
exposed to malathion at the same dose given to group 2. The
groups treated with Malathion showed elevation in serum glucose,
creatinine,Cholesterol, Tri glyceride, aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and
alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level while, cholinesterase(ChE)
decreased significantly. Moreover, Administration of Echium
humile extract
after malathion exposure to rat can prevent severe
alterations of hematobiochemical parameters. In conclusion, this
study obviously demonstrated that pretreatment with Echium
humile extract
significantly attenuated the physiological alterations
induced by malathion. Also, the present study identifies new
areas of research for development of better therapeutic agents
for liver, kidney, and other organs’ dysfunctions and diseases.
[Abd El-Aziz.A. Diab;
Samih.I. El-Dahmy; Soliman. S. A. Ibrahim and Mahmoud.M. Nasser.
The protective role of Echium humile extract against toxicity
induced by insecticide (malathion) in male albino rats.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):259-267].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
34
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.34
Keywords:
Malathion, Echium humile, toxicity, hepatorenal toxicity,
haematological effect. |
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Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Frequency in Egyptian Patients
with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection with and without
Articular Manifestation
M.Elnadry1, M. Abdel-Rashed2,
M.A.Abdel-Monem2, S.El-Eter3 and W. Fathy4
Tropical M.1, Internal M 2,
Rheumatology M. (Girls) 3 Al-Azhar University,
Clinical Pathology Elmenofia University4
prof_nadry@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background.
The presence of extra hepatic manifestations is a relatively
common feature in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Besides the
role in the etiology of liver diseases, this virus is known to
produce autoimmune phenomena. Among them, rheumatic diseases.
Aim of the work. Our aim in the present study was to
investigate the presence of anti-CCP antibodies in Egyptian
patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, with and
without articular manifestation. Patients and Methods.
Blood samples were obtained from 86 patients with HCV from the
Rheumatology, Internaland Tropical Medicine outpatient clinicsof
Elzhraa, Elhussen and Bab Elshaaria University hospitals Alazhar
University Cairo Egypt.. A history was taken from all patients,
and a clinical examination was performed, including a
musculoskeletal examination, abdominal ultrasonography, and
laboratory investigations in the form of routine laboratory
tests (CBC, ESR, LFT, RFT, viral marker, and tests for RF and
anti-CCP antibodies).
Results
The studied group included 86 patients classifiedinto three
groups:, Group I (HCV and RA) included 29 (33.7%) patients 15
females and 14 males, with the mean age of 44.6 ± 8.79 years.
The disease duration among this group was less than one year in
12 patients and more than one year in 17 patients Group II (HCV
with articular manifestation) included 31 (36 %) patients 12
females and 19 males, with the mean age of 42.5 ± 8.07years, The
disease duration among this group was less than one year in 11
patients and more than one year in 20 patients. Group II (HCV
without articular manifestation) included 26 (30.2%) patients 8
females and 18 males, with the mean age of 45.0 ± 9.10years, The
disease duration among this group was less than one year in 20
patients and more than one year in 6 patients. Regarding to
clinical exam 22(75.9%) and 10 (32.3%) of our patients in group
I & II respectively presented with morning stiffness while no
patients experienced morning stiffness in group III (p 0.001).
23 (79.3%) and 5 (16.1%) experienced symmetric arthritis in
group I & II respectively while one patients (2.7%) experienced
symmetric arthritis in group III (p< 0.001). Regarding to
the X ray finding 19 (65.5%) and 8 (25.8%) patients in group I &
II respectively showed erosions on X ray finding while no
patients with erosions were found in group III (p<0.001).The
mean ESR 1st hour were 40.55 ± 12.6 mm/h, 13.90 ± 3.5
mm/h and 13.19 ± 5.6 mm/h in group I,II, and III respectively.
There was a statistically significant increases in the level of
ESR 1ST hour in group I compared to group ΙI and
ΙII.Regarding to the rheumatoid factor (RF) level the mean level
were 32.2±19.6 U/L, 28.9±16.7 U/L and 26.1±15.5 U/L in group I,
II and III respectively with no statistical significant
differences between the groups (p< 0.4).The mean level of
anti-CCP antibodies was significant higher (55.8±6.3 U/mL) in
group I, compared to (21.28±3.4 U/mL) in group II and (15.5±2.7
U/mL) in group IIIp (0.001). Conclusions The
distinction between HCV associated arthropathy and rheumatoid
arthritis has great relevance for clinicians. Our results showed
that antiCCP antibodies were a significant marker for diagnosis
of HCV associated with RA and rarely present in HCV infected
patients with rheumatoid like manifestations and were a reliable
serological marker to discriminate between patients with HCV
associated rheumatological manifestations and patients with
rheumatoid arthritis.
[M.Elnadry, M. Abdel-Rashed,
M.A. Abdel-Monem, S.El-Eter and W. Fathy. Anti-Cyclic
Citrullinated Peptide Frequency in Egyptian Patients with
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection with and without Articular
Manifestation. J
Am Sci2013;9(11):268-273].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
35
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.35
Keywords:
Anti-CCP antibodies,HCV, Articular Manifestation |
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Effect of
Morphophysical and Technical factors on Offensive Tactics in
Basket-Ball
Slim Khiari1
and Habib Ghedira2
1
Permanent Teacher-Researcher (Assistant of High Teaching)
specialized in Sciences of Education, Didactics and Basket-Ball.
Ex-Player of Tunisian National Team of Basket-Ball / Trainer
Third Degree of Basket-Ball.
High Institute of
Sports and Physical Education / Department of Didactics /
University of Sfax, Tunisia.
2
Professor of Medicine / Department of Pulmonology / University
of Tunis.
Head of Service of
Pulmonology and Head of Laboratory of Breathing Exploration /
Hospital Abderrahman MAMI / Ariana / Tunis / Tunisia.
slimkhiari@yahoo.fr,
ghedirahabib@gmail.com
Abstract:
Our purpose is to verify if the most optimal training possible
of the offensive in Basket-Ball is tributary of the Placed
Offensive Systems, or of the Counter Attack, or of the Free Game
or a complementarity between two of these three elements or even
between the set of these three elements. Our concern is to
search the most intelligible and reliable process of
Teaching/Training of Attack in Basket-Ball. The best performance
in Attack concerning the Basket-Ball discipline is first of all
tributary of a complementarity between Placed Offensive Systems
and The Free Game, then between Counter Attack and the Free Game
taking into account mainly the foundations and the address for
the technique, and the effect of surprise and the reading of
game for the tactics. Physical qualities are crucial for
scoring.
[Slim
Khiari and Habib Ghedira.
Effect of Morphophysical and Technical factors on Offensive
Tactics in Basket-Ball.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):274-281].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
36
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.36
Key-words:
Placed Offensive Systems, Counter Attack, Free Game,
Basket-Ball. |
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Correlation
between Visual Field Sensitivity and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer
Thickness in patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Mohamed Abdel Hamid Abo Elenine, MD
Ophthalmology Department Faculty of Medicine,
Al Azhar University
Abstract: Aim of the work:
To correlate the glaucomatous loss in Retinal nerve fiber (RNFL)
thickness, measured with optical coherent tomography (OCT) and
the loss in sensitivity measured with standard automated
perimetry (SAP). Patients and methods: Thirty six eyes of
20 patients with medical control primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)
attending Sayed Galal university hospital from September 2012
till May 2013. All patients examined by Octopus 101 perimeter to
examine central 30o visual field. Reliable tests was
defined as one with false positive error <15% and false negative
error <15% and fixation less <20%. All patients also examined by
OCT with spectral domain RNFL Thickness average analysis report
using fast RNFL Thickness scan with 3D scanning over optic disc
after dilatation with 1% tropicamide, Images were recorded by
single operator. A circular scan of 3.4mm diameter was centered
around optic nerve head( ONH). Results: Thirty six eyes
of 20 patients with primary open angle glaucoma under medical
treatment. Mean RNFL thickness: ranged between 66, to 120mm with a mean
94.1±16.7mm. Correlation
analysis determining the relationship between average RNFL
thickness and different perimetric stages of glaucoma using MD
and LV indices shows significant inverse correlation.
Conclusion:
OCT can be used as a primary measure of glaucoma status in
patients who are unable to perform functional test as visual
field,also OCT RNFL thickness used as an adjunct to visual field
in diagnosis and monitoring glaucoma progression.
[Mohamed
Abdel Hamid Abo Elenine. Correlation between Visual
Field Sensitivity and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in
patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):282-286].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
37
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.37
Keywords: standard automated
perimetry (SAP), optical coherent tomography (OCT),
visual field intra- ocular pressure,
Retinal Ganglion Cells( RGCs), primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) |
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Scenarios Verification in
Sequence Diagram
Nazir Ahmad Zafar and Fahad
Alhumaidan
College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King
Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
nazafar@kfu.edu.sa;
falhumaidan@kfu.edu.sa
Abstract:
The Unified Modeling Language (UML)
has become a de-facto standard for analysis, design models and
specification of object oriented software systems. UML
structures being graphical in nature have informal semantics
and, hence, it is difficult to develop verification tools for
UML specification. Formal methods are proved to be useful at
requirements analysis, specification and design level. Hence
linking of UML and formal notations is required to overcome the
deficiencies existing in the UML diagrams. In this paper, an
approach is developed by transformation of UML sequence diagram
to transition graph using Z notation. Then formal specification
is described by capturing the hidden semantics by focusing on
the syntax and semantics. Finally, scenarios are generated from
the transition graph and verified to show correctness of the
diagram. We claim that this approach will be effective and
useful for developing automated tools for verification of UML
sequence diagrams. The resultant formal models are analyzed and
validated using Z/Eves tool.
[Nazir Ahmad Zafar and Fahad
Alhumaidan. Scenarios Verification in Sequence Diagram.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):287-293].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
38
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.38
Keywords:
UML; Sequence diagram; Z notation; Integration; Verification |
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Intravitreal
Ranibizumab versus Bevacizumab in Treatment of Choroidal
Neovascular Membrane
Mohamed A.H Aboelenine
Ophthalmology Department, Faculty
of Medicine– Al Azhar University
Abstract:
Aim of the study:
The aim of the study to
compare the effect Intravitreal Ranibizumab(IVR) and
Intravitreal Bevicizumab (IVB) in treatment of Choroidal
Neovascular membrane(CNV) and follow-up for 1 year. Patients
and Methods: This study was performed in 38 eyes of 38
patients suffering from CNV of different aeitiologies in the
period from April 2012 till July 2013. All patients were
randomized and divided into two groups: A- Bevacizumab group:
include 20 eyes of 20 patients. A dose of 1.25 mg/0.05 ml was
injected in the inferotemporal quadrant using 30 gauge needle.
Paracentesis was done followed by Bevacizumab (Avastin)
injection. Retreatment done after one month and two months.
B-Ranibizumab group Intravitreal Ranibizumab (Lucentis),
injections were similarly performed in dose of 0.5 mg/0.05
ml.Retreatment done after one month. Monthly examination of all
cases, and after the 4 th month. OCT, fundus
photography were checked every 4 months. Results: Group( A)
Bevacizumab (Avastin) Twenty eyes of 20 patients with CNV
with mean age 69.5±3.2
years were treated with IVB. Avastin 1.25 mg in 0.05 mL (13 eyes
had CNV due to age – related macular degeneration (AMD),7 eyes
had CNV due to myopia, all patients were followed up for 1
year.The mean BCVA pre injection was5/60, (0.09±0.03), the mean
BCVA post injection was 0.31(6\24), 12 cases (60%) showed
improvement of visual acuity, three cases of them show initial
curing followed by recurrence. 6 cases (30%) showed no visual
improvement, 2 cases showed deterioration of vision (10%).The
mean central retinal thickness decreases significantly from
435±70.5 um to 250.22 ±15
mm and correlated with improvement of BCVA. Group
(B) Ranibizumab group (Lucentis) Eighteen eyes of 18
patients with CNV with mean age 65.5±2.3 were treated with
Intravitreal Lucentis, 11 eyes of CNV complicating AMD, 7 eyes
had CNV complicating myopia, with follow up for 1 year. The mean
BCVA pre- injection 6/60 ( 0.1±0.03) the mean BCVA post-
injecttions 6/24 (0.3±0.2), 12 cases(66%) show improvement of
visual acuity, 4 cases show recurrence after initial improvement
and need more doses, 3 cases(16%) show no improvement, 3
cases(16%)shows deterioration of visual acuity, The mean central
retinal thickness decreases from 355±122
mm to
190±105
mm.
Conclusion: The current study results showed that both
intravitreal Ranibizumab and intravitreal Bevacizumab are
effective in treating CNV with improving visual acuty and
anatomic changes.
[Mohamed A.H Aboelenine. Intravitreal
Ranibizumab versus Bevacizumab in Treatment of Choroidal
Neovascular Membrane.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):294-299]. (ISSN:
1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
39
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.39
Keywords:
anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intravitreal
bevacizumab (IVB), intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), choroidal
neovascular membranes, optical coherent tomography |
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Nurses Knowledge and Practice
Regarding Intradialytic Complications for Hemodialysis Patient
1Salwa
Abass A. Hassan; 1Amany Sobhy Sorour; 2Khaled
F. Eldahshan and 3Ghalia Elmoghazy Elkasaby Elmoghazy
1Community
Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig
University, Egypt
2Internal
Medicine and Nephrology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura
University
3Nursing
Specialist, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University
domtymo@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Despite hemodialysis effectiveness and it can prolong life
indefinitely, patients suffer many intradialytic complications
that may be life threatening. The aim of the present study was
to assess nursing knowledge and practice regarding intradialytic
complications. A descriptive design was adopted to conduct this
study. The study was conducted at two units, at the Urology and
Nephrology Center in Mansoura City. Two tools were used to
conduct this study namely a self administered questionnaire to
assess nurses' knowledge and observation checklist to assess
nurse's practice regarding hemodialysis process and
intradialytic complications. Study results revealed that the
most of them had satisfactory level of knowledge related to care
of dialysis complications. The majority of them deal adequately
with hemodialysis complications. Conclusion nurses having
satisfactory level of knowledge have also adequate practice. The
study recommended in-service education program for nurses for
continuous up-dating and renewal of their knowledge and skills
to maintain and improve level of practice, Increase awareness of
nurses through conferences about control and preparation of
dialysis machine especially cooling dialysis and increased
dialysate flow, which reduce the rate of intradialytic
hypotension and increase the efficiency of hemodialysis
treatment.
[Salwa Abass A. Hassan; Amany Sobhy Sorour; Khaled F. Eldahshan and
Ghalia Elmoghazy Elkasaby lmoghazy. Nurses knowledge and
practice regarding intradialytic complications for hemodialysis
patient] J Am Sci 2013;9(11):300-309]. (ISSN:
1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 40
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.40
Key words:
Hemodialysis – Intradialytic complications- Dialysis nurs |
Full Text |
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Influence of
Drying Methods on Physicochemical Constituents of Guava Juice
Ginat, El-sherif
and
Etab Alghamdi
Food and Nutrition Dept, Faculty of Home Economics,
King Abdul Aziz Univ., Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah
ginat.elsherif@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The present work was conducted to evaluate physical properties
and chemical constituents of fresh guava juice, dehydrated guava
Juices into powdered by different drying methods (solar energy
drying & freeze drying) and guava jam were determined. The
result indicated that the a significant reduction in titratable
acidity as citric acid and an increase in pH after drying of
guava juice indicated that some acids were lost during the
drying process. Ascorbic acid was considerably lower in solar
energy compared to freeze drying were obtained from the guava
juice. However, results showed that the solar dried product was
stable and more economical to produce guava powder with good
stability. The chromomeric parameters L (lightness), a (redness)
and b (yellowness) were found to be affected by drying methods.
However, the freeze dried product had superior nutritional
value… value. Processing of guava jam by using solar energy
improved parameters. Generally, results confirmed that the
highest physical and chemical parameters as well as quality
characteristics were recorded for solar energy produced guava
jam.
[Ginat,
El-sherif and
Etab Alghamdi.
Influence of
Drying Methods on Physicochemical Constituents of Guava Juice].
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):310-314].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
41
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.41
Key words:
Guava powder, freeze drying, solar drying, guava jam. |
Full Text |
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Identify the Iatrogenesis of Nasogastric Tube Feeding (NGTF)
Among Adult Patients
Soheir Abu Elfadle
Abd El-AAl
Medical Surgical
Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alexandria
Soheir56@yahoo.com
Abstract:
This is a prospective study aimed to identify the most frequent
iatrogenesis
(iatrogenic events) of (NGTF) among adult patients.
A convenience sample of 30 adult patients fed via (NGT) at
least for period of 5 days, both sex and their ages were ranged
from 19 to
65 years old.
The study was conducted at the ICU and general wards of the Main
University Hospital in Alexandria. Data was collected in period
of 6 months.
Assessment sheet was developed by searcher and utilized for data
collection about associated
iatrogenic events
among
(NGT) fed adult patients.
This included condition of tube feeding as patency or cleansing,
condition of nostrils as cleansing, skin events of nose as
irritation, ulceration or bleeding as well as sinusitis,
condition of oral cavity as mucous membrane and tongue; As well
as checking the presence of changes in body weight
or unexplained weight loss, skin condition like edema or
dryness, pressure source as well as condition of muscle,
presence of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, or
dehydration as well as impaction and distention.
This study revealed that, the age was ranged from19 to 68 years
old with mean & SD 36.13 ± 14.72years.
The diagnosis of the studied subject was including trauma,
metabolic and neurological conditions with ratio of (30%,
20%&10%) respectively. It was noticed that, half of subject,
whom fed via the (NGFT)their intubated period was ranged from
>5to
less 10 days, while the periods of feeding via(NGFT) among the
70%of those subjects was 5 days and
>10
days as (30 % & 20% ) respectively. As well as ten percent only
was noticed with decrease of their body weight (BWT) in period
of intubation. Moreover, generalized edema was observed among
most of the studied subjects (80%). Additionally to the vast
majority of them (90%) were noticed with altered swallowing and
the
iatrogenic events of nostrils
were observed among half of the subjects as inflamed nostrils.
While ulceration or others like bleeding were shown among ⅓
of them as (10% &20%) respectively. The blockage or chinking
tube was detected among (70%) from all studied subjects. As well
as it was noticed that, there is a highly statistical
significance correlation was detected regarding
the
nostrils events and setting with X2 =20.000 as well
as
P
value =.000. ⃰ ⃰ ⃰ between the nostril events and
setting as inflammation events. In relation to the events
of the tube itself and the cause of intubation a positive
correlation was observed as X2 =23.750 as well as
P
value =.000. ⃰ ⃰ ⃰ in the correlations between tube
events and the cause of intubation with highly significance
As well as
the
nostrils events were noticed as inflammation, ulceration, dirty
nose and others as discharge, bleeding or passage of gastric
content through the nostrils in (50%, 10%, 20% & 20% )
respectively. So that, (HCGs) must be alert about the serious
and preventable iatrogenic events which usually a raised among (TF)
patients to safe their life as well as minimize the cost of
dealing with it. As evidenced there is urgency to training the
staff about the proper ways to manage those patients safely.
Thus systematically and consistently conduct chart audits
usually needed to determine if any events exist.
[Soheir
Abu Elfadle Abd El-Aal.
Identify the Iatrogenesis of Nasogastric Tube Feeding (NGTF)
Among Adult Patients.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):315-331].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
42
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.42
Key wards:-Enteral
Feeding, Nasogastric Tubes, Health Care Givers, Re-feeding
syndrome, Iatrogenesis, Sarcopenia |
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Contextualizing Smoking among
Saudi Nurses: Risk Factors, Effects and Desire for Quitting
Magda A.M. Mansour1,
Hanan.A. M. Youssef2 and Dalal M. Nemenqani3
1
(Associate Professor)of Adult Nursing department –Assiut
University, Taif University,
2Head
of Nursing Department, (Assistant Professor)of Critical Care
Nursing, Taif University
3Vice
dean-College of Medicine – Supervisor of College of Pharmacy &
Applied Medical Sciences- Girls Section (Associate Professor)of
Clinical Pathology department -Taif University, Laboratory
Director, King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, KSA
dr_h_911@hotmail.com,
Magda_albeah@hotmail.com,
dnemenqani@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Tobacco control represents a
key area in which nurses can make a significant positive impact
on their patients’ lives. Despite this fact, however, nurses in
certain countries are known to smoke tobacco at rates similar to
or even exceeding those seen within the general population. The aim of the present study was to: 1)
Identify factors that contribute
for smoking among Saudi nurses in selected hospitals. 2) Explore
the effects of smoking in the nurses' health status & 3)
Estimate the nurses' desire for quitting smoking.
Method(s):
Descriptive cross-sectional study using, a calculated sample of
200 Saudi nurses, were chosen by systematic random method from
king Fahad hospital in Alkhobar (60 nurses); Maternity &
Children Hospital in Makkah (100 nurses) & King Faisal Hospital
in Taif (40). Tool of data collection: An interview
questionnaire sheet, - Data on smoking profile, Questions about
desired for smoking,, Question about previous smoking cessation
trials & intention to quit smoking.
Results:
Results of the present study
revealed that, Most of sample age range between
20-<30(64%) years old, single women represent the highest
percentage smoker 48% then married women 38%, half of the sample
have the reason of smoking represented in the friends & 58%
reported that, the increased of desire of smoking with the
friends, majority of the nurses (90%) are used to smoke more
than 7 cigarettes per day, & majority of the Smoking Saudi
Nurses have the desire for quitting (80%).
Conclusions &
Recommendations: The
present study concluded that smoking prevalence was relatively
high among our hospital workers. The study was the first to
explore smoking-related attitudes and behavior among the
hospital nurses in Saudi Arabia. The findings indicate a
critical need for raising healthcare Providers’ preparedness for
implementing smoking cessation interventions in hospital
settings and there is a need for higher quality evidence to
determine with confidence all the health effects of tobacco
smoking.
[Magda
A.M. Mansour, Hanan.A. M. Youssef and Dalal M. Nemenqani.
Contextualizing
Smoking among Saudi Nurses: Risk Factors, Effects and Desire for
Quitting.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):332-338].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 43
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.43
Keywords:
Smoking; Contextualizing; Nursing |
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Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Changes of the Eye
after Cataract Surgery
Mona N. Mansour1, Fatma A. Atwa1,
Eman S. Abd El-Rahman2, Naglaa A. Al-Kosyand 1
and Horeya A. Sadallah 1
1Ophthalmology
Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt.
2Ophthalmology
Department, Mansheiat Al-Bakry hospital, Egypt.
mmansour04@hotmail.com
Abstract: Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of cataract surgery and intraocular lens
(IOL) implantation on the anterior segment anatomy of the eye in
cataractous patients using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).
Design: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative
(self-controlled) trial. Participants: Twenty eyes of 20
patients with senile or pre-senile cataracts and no other ocular
illness. Patients are classified into 2 groups according to the
surgical technique; group 1(extracapsular cataract extraction,
IOL implantation; 11 patients), and group 2(phacoemulsification,
IOL implantation; 9 patients). Methods: Patients were
examined with UBM before and 2 months after surgery. At each UBM
examination, axial images of the anterior chamber, lens and
radial sections of the angle, ciliary body were obtained.
Main Outcome Measures: Angle opening distance at point 500
µm(AOD500), anterior chamber angle (ACA), central
anterior chamber depth (ACD), iris thickness (ID),
trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD), iris-lens contact
distance (ILCD), sclera-ciliary body angle (SCA), iris-zonule
distance (IZD), ciliary process-lens distance (CLD). Results:
The variables ID, TCPD, SCA, IZD, and CLD in group 1 did not
significantly change after surgery (P> 0.05). AOD500
significantly increased (P = 0.006), ACA significantly increased
(P = 0.008), ACD significantly increased (P = 0.004), ILCD did
not exist after surgery, except in 3 eyes (P = 0.028). No IOL
optic tilt, the haptics were found to be in the capsular bag in
6 patients and in the sulcus in 5 patients. The variables
AOD500, ID, TCPD, SCA, IZD, and CLD in group 2 did not
significantly change after surgery (P> 0.05). ACA significantly
increased (P = 0.015), ACD significantly increased (P = 0.011),
ILCD did not exist after surgery, except in 2 eyes (P = 0.015).
No IOL optic tilt, the haptics were found to be in the capsular
bag in 8 patients and in the sulcus in 1 patient.
Conclusions: After cataract surgery and IOL implantation,
UBM revealed that the anterior chamber deepens and the angle
widens. UBM provides quantitative values of angle parameters
and may be of clinical significance in eyes with narrow angle or
with occludable angles.
[Mona
N. Mansour, Fatma A. Atwa, Eman S. Abd El-Rahman, Naglaa A. Al-Kosy,
Horeya A. Sadallah. Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Changes of the
Eye after Cataract Surgery. J Am Sci 2013;9(11):339-346]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
44
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.44
Key words:
ultrasound biomicroscopy, anterior chamber angle, Anterior eye
segment, Cataract extraction,
intraocular lens position. |
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Neural Technique for
Predicting Traffic Accidents in Jordan
Jabar H. Yousif 1,
Mamoun Suleiman AlRababaa2
1.
Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Sohar
University, P.O. Box : 44, Code 311, Oman
jyousif@soharuni.edu.om
2.
Faculty of Information Technology, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan
Abstract:
Jordan has a highest rate of
traffic accidents, which raise the number of deaths and
injuries. The paper aims to design and implement a neural
technique for predicting the behavior of car accident in Jordan.
MPL neural network is used to utilize the predictor system for
estimating the number of car accident over the time. Efforts are
paid to analysis the recorded data about the traffic accidents
like number of accident, types and reasons for the regression
part. The experiment recorded an excellent accuracy in the
classification of accident type. The accuracy and call precision
are 100%. The paper presents analytical study and develops
equations that help to control the behavior of growing of
traffic accidents. Thus, the governments, planners and traffic
engineers can easily overcome the problems associated with
traffic accident type in order to determine the requirements for
future.
[Yousif Jabar H. & AlRababaa
Mamoun S. Neural Technique for Predicting Traffic Accidents
in Jordan. J Am
Sci
2013;9(11):347-358]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
45
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.45
Keywords:
Soft Computing; Artificial Neural Networks; Multi-layered
Perceptron (MLP); Traffic Accidents; Safety System. |
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Effect of Designed Training
Program on Nurse's Performance Regarding Care of Patient with
Blood Borne Viral Hepatitis at Assiut University Hospital
Islam I.
Ragab1; Magda A. Mohammed2; Ashraf M.
Osman3; Mimi M. Mekkawy4
1Adult
Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, South Valley University-
Qina,
2Medical
Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University,
3Tropical
Medicine Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Assiut University,4Assistant Prof of Medical Surgical
Nursing, Adult Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut
University, Egypt.
bosyforever20@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The aim of the present study
is to
evaluate the
effect
of
designed of training program on nurses' performance regarding
care of patient with blood borne viral hepatitis. A study was
conducted
in
tropical medicine and gastroenterology and
internal
medicine departments
at
Assiut University Hospital. To accomplish the purpose of this study data were
collected from
all
nurses' (65 nurses) works in
tropical
medicine and gastroenterology department
and
internal medicine
department.
Tools
utilize for data collection were
structured interview questionnaire sheet,
observation checklist sheet and designed nursing training
program. The results show that,
about half of the nurses had age
> 30 years, while the majority of them were females. As
regarding level of education, two third of the study group had
diploma degree and about half of the study group their
experiences were > 3 years.
As regard nurse's
knowledge about BBVH there was
a highly
significant
difference between four stages (pre, immediately
post, after three months and after nine months) implementing of
training program.
On pre
program implementation,46.16%
of nurses were poor in knowledge, on immediate post
program implementation 46.15% of nurses were good and 21.5% were
very good in knowledge, after 3 months of program implementation
38.64% of nurses were good and 15.38% were very good in
knowledge, but after 9 months of program implementation 13.8% of
nurses were good and 10. 8% were very good in knowledge, and
regarding to nurse's practices the results show that the level
of practices improved in all procedures pre, immediately post,,
after 3 months and after 9 months of implementing of nursing
training program.
Recommendations, further research studies are needed to focus on
service
educational program for nurses, there
must be standardized written nursing care in tropical medicine,
gastroenterology and internal medicine department and
develop strategies for improving public health knowledge.
[Islam I. Ragab; Magda A. Mohammed; Ashraf M. Osman; Mimi M. Mekkawy.
Effect of Designed Training Program on Nurse's Performance
Regarding Care of Patient with Blood Borne Viral Hepatitis at
Assiut University Hospital.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):359-370].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
46
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.46
Key words:
Blood borne viral hepatitis, incident report, nurses'
performance, training program |
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Phenolic Compounds and antioxidant potential of mango peels and
kernels (Mangifera indica L.) on
the frying oil stability, lipid profile and
activity of some antioxidant serum enzymes in rats
Usama El-Sayed Mostafa
Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain
Shams University, Egypt.
Usama127@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Commercial processing of mango into juice, nectar, pulp puree
and jam produces 35–60% waste consisting of peel, kernel
which make it worth to investigate on their bioactive
phenolic compounds. This study discussed on the total phenolic
content (TPC), the quantification of individual phenolics using
HPLC for ethanolic extract for mango peel and kernel and
evaluation of antioxidant activities of those extracts on the
stability of frying oil and serum lipid profile and serum
oxidation of rats. Results showed that mango peels and kernels
are significantly rich in natural antioxidants such as, carotene
ascorbic acid and Anthocyanins and phenolic component such as
Pyrogallol acid and chlorogenic acid present in considerably
high concentrations. Total polyphenols and Anthocyanins are
higher in the kernel than in the peel. Moreover, frying oil
samples fortified with ethanolic extract from mango peel and
kernel were more protective than oil samples fortified with
Butylated hydroxyanizole (BHA) against fatty acids oxidation,
peroxide value and Acid number, particularly samples treated
with 0.5% of kernel ethanolic extract. The highest decrease in
serum cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c recorded for groups,
which fed on basal diet containing frying oil treated with 0.5%
of kernel mango extract, followed by the group treated with 0.5%
of peel mango extract. SOD, GPx, MDA and XO of plasma in control
group were significantly increased (P<0.05) as compared
with groups which fed on frying oil treated with different
concentration of peel and kernel ehanolic extracts. The study
here in revealed that fruit peels represent an excellent source
of high natural antioxidants, which may be applied in
pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.
[Usama El-Sayed Mostafa. Phenolic Compounds and antioxidant
potential of mango peels and kernels (Mangifera indica L.)
on the frying oil stability, lipid profile and
activity of some antioxidant serum enzymes in rats.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):376-378].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
47
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.47
Keywords:
phenolic component, frying oil, antioxidant, mango peel, mango
kernels, lipid profile, serum antioxidant. |
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Evaluation of Effect of Cervical Mucus Aspiration before
Intrauterine Insemination on Pregnancy Rates in Unexplained
Infertility
Ameer Abdallah,
Emad Mousa, Mohamed Tawfik and
Ayman Wagedy
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine,
Minia University, Egypt.
ameerelsherief@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Objective: to evaluate the effect of cervical mucus aspiration
before intrauterine insemination on clinical pregnancy rates in
cases of unexplained infertility in couples despite having
normal standard investigations including semen analysis, tests
of ovulation and tubal patency using HSG. Methods: A prospective
study of 100 patients diagnosed to have unexplained infertility
(1ry or 2ry), the outcome of IUI cycles in 50 patients in whom
mucus was aspirated prior to IUI were compared with those of IUI
cycles in 50 patients in whom mucus not aspirated (control
group). Results: In this study, the pregnancy rate was (18%)(9
pregnancies in 50 patients)in the cervical mucus aspiration
group, and (8%)(4 pregnancies in 50 patients)in the control
group (P=0.05). Mucus aspiration led to significantly increased
pregnancy rates for women with unexplained infertility (18% in
the aspiration group VS 8% in the control group). Conclusion:
Cervical mucus aspiration before intrauterine insemination might
improve clinical pregnancy rates by undefined mechanisms till
now.
[Ameer Abdallah, Emad Mousa, Mohamed Tawfik and Ayman Wagedy.
Evaluation of Effect of Cervical Mucus Aspiration before
Intrauterine Insemination on Pregnancy Rates in Unexplained
Infertility.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):379-385]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
48
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.48
Key Words:
Intrauterine insemination,Mucusaspiration,Ovulation induction. |
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prediction by the Use of Nuchal
Translucency Screening in High Risk Pregnancy
Ameer Abdallah, Mohamed tawfik
Fetomaternal Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, El-Minia
Faculty of Medicine
ameerelsherief@yahoo.com
Abstract: Objective:
To evaluate whether increased nuchal translucency can predict
gestational diabetes mellitus. Design:
Prospective screening study. Setting: feto-maternal unit,
university hospital. Patients: 580 high risk pregnant
women at 11 – 14 weeks of pregnancy who came to our feto-maternal
unit for a first trimester screening test, 244 pregnant women
whose nuchal translucency above 95th centile were selected as
the study group and 236 age-matched pregnant women whose nuchal
translucency were within the normal range were enrolled as a
control group. Interventions: Subjects underwent a 50 g
glucose screening test; if it was positive then a 100 g oral
glucose tolerance test was performed. Main outcome measures:
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose
tolerance and the number of macrosomic infants. Results:
Impaired glucose tolerance was more common in pregnant women
whose nuchal translucency was above the 95th centile (P. 0.048).
In addition, macrosomic infants were also more common in
pregnant women with a fetal nuchal translucency above the 95th
centile (P 0.045). Macrosomia was more common in the study group
with gestational diabetes mellitus (P 0.046). Conclusion:
In conclusion, increased nuchal translucency seems to be
predictive for impaired glucose tolerance and macrosomia, which
are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
[Ameer Abdallah. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prediction by
the Use of Nuchal Translucency Screening in High Risk Pregnancy.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):386-391]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
49
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.49
Key words:
nucal translucency, impaired glucose tolerance, gestational
diabetes, macrosomia |
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Copepod Parasites in Gills of Economically Important Fish
Mugilidae (Mugil cephalus and Liza falcipinnis)
from Lagos Lagoon, West Africa, Nigeria.
1,2Nike
F. Aladetohun,2 Nestor G. Sakiti, 3Emmanuel
E. Babatunde.
1Federal
college of Fisheries and Marine Technology, Ahmadu Bello way,
Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. 2Laboratory
of Parasitological and Ecology of parasites Department of
Zoology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology,
University of Abomey Calavi, Republic of Benin, West Africa.3Department of Marine
Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
adenike63@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Ecologists have now recognized the importance of parasitism and
diseases as major factors affecting the viability of natural
populations and communities, especially nowadays that the world
is tending towards mariculture. In this work, copepod parasitic
study in gills of 1076 fish mugilidae (Mugil cephalus and
Liza falcipinnis) in three stations (Makoko, Mcquin and
University of Lagos) of Lagos lagoon in both dry and wet
seasons. Three species of parasitic copepod were identified:
Ergasilus latus, Nipergasilus bora and Ergasilus
lizae. The percentage number of fish infested was highest in
Unilag (95.58%) and least in Mcquin (92.68%), while the total
percentage copepod parasite prevalence was highest in Makoko
(94.86%), and least in Mcquin (83.41%). Liza falcipinnis
shows higher number of fish infested and total percentage of
copepod parasite prevalence than Mugil cephalus in the
three stations. There is significant difference P<0.05 in the
rate of infestation of Liza falcipinnis at Makoko than
the other two stations, where as Mugil cephalus shows no
significant difference in the rate of infestation in the three
stations. The research revealed higher number of parasite
copepods in fish during the rainy season than dry season.
[Aladetohun, N. F., Sakiti, N. G., Babatunde, E. E.
Copepod Parasites in Gills of Economically Important Fish
Mugilidae (Mugil cephalus and Liza falcipinnis)
from Lagos Lagoon, West Africa, Nigeria.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):392-401] (ISSN:1097-8135).
).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
50
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.50
Key words:
Copepod parasites,
Mugilidae fish,
Copepod parasites, Lagos lagoon. |
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An Investigation about Spirality Angle of
Cotton Single Jersey Knitted Fabrics Made from Conventional Ring
and Compact Spun Yarn
Nahla Abd El-Mohsen Hassan
nahla_a_m@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Spirality is particularly serious problem for single jersey
knitted fabrics due to their asymmetrical loop formation, and it
may exist in grey, washed or finished state. Spirality is a
dimensional distortion in circular plain knitted fabrics and has
an obvious influence on both the aesthetic and functional
performance of knitted fabrics and the garments produced from
them which appear as the displacement of the side seams and this
causes an important quality problem. This paper focuses on the
yarn types as key aspects of spirality. Yarn spinning system is
a parameter which can control knitted fabric spirality, in other
words spinning technology influences the degree of spirality in
fabrics. Previous studies has been reported that spirality angle
of the fabric knitted with ring yarns are very high comparing
with the fabrics knitted with open-end yarns. But ring yarns
(conventional and compact) have always been considered as a
quality reference among all the yarns produced by other spinning
system in textile industry, also open-end spinning is suitable
only for coarse and middle yarn count. Then there are some
fabrics or garments orders need fine yarn count, or high quality
and appearance which cannot be obtained and achieved by using
open- end yarns. The aim of this work was to compare the
spirality angle of the compact spun yarn knitted fabric and
conventional ring spun yarn knitted fabrics. For this aim, 100%
Egyptian cotton yarns of Ne 60s/1, were spun according to
conventional ring (combed) and compact methods from the sliver
produced by using the same cotton grade (Giza 86). The yarns
were knitted on a single jersey circular knitting machine with
the same stitch length and taking into account that the other
production parameters constant.
The experiment showed that spirality degree is higher for
compact yarn more conventional ring spun yarn. In other word the
conventional ring spun yarn knitted fabrics noticed lower
spirality angle.
The paper also explicitly determined the theoretically approach
of the causes and remedies of spirality and the main difference
between compact and conventional ring spinning technology. This
research will be helpful for particularly knitwear industries
and designer who are dealing with compact spun yarn knitted
fabric and garments. Thus, before starting manufacturing in
factory, it can be easily predict the spirality angle of cotton
single jersey fabrics and garments using the defined factors.
[A
Nahla Abd El-Mohsen Hassan.
An Investigation about Spirality
Angle of Cotton Single Jersey Knitted Fabrics Made from
Conventional Ring and Compact Spun Yarn.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):402-416]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 51
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.51
Key words:
Spirality of knitted fabric, Spirality measurement, Spirality
calculation, Compact spinning, Conventional ring spinning. |
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Levonorgestrel-releasing
intrauterine system is An Efficient Therapeutic Modality for
Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia
Ahmed M. Abdelaziz and Mahmoud
Abosrie
Department of Obstetrics &
Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
drahmed47@hotmail.com
Abstract: Objectives:
To evaluate the therapeutic outcome of local (L) versus oral (O)
progestins for management of simple endometrial hyperplasia (SEH).
Patients & Methods: The study included 84 multiparous
women with mean age of 41.7±4.7 years; 68 were pre- and 16 were
post-menopausal women presented by abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).
Patients were divided into two equal groups: Group O received
norethisterone acetate (NET) (15 mg/day as continuous oral dose
for 3 months) and Group L assigned to Levonorgestrel-releasing
intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) insertion. Primary outcome was to
define number of responders after 3 months (Phase I). Responders
were continuously followed-up, while non-responders in each
group received the program assigned for the other group for
another 3-months (Phase II) and all non-responders after Phase
II were assigned for hysterectomy. Secondary outcome was the
duration and severity of menstrual bleeding and the occurrence
of spotting during duration of cycle. Patients’ satisfaction at
the end of the study period was evaluated. Results:
Primary outcome of Phase I was 73.8% in group L and 57.1% in
group O with significantly higher frequency of responders in
group L. During Phase II, 72.2% patients responded to LNG-IUS
compared to 63.6% response to NET therapy and 9 patients (10.7%)
had hysterectomy. Both therapeutic regimens significantly
reduced duration and heaviness of blood loss with significant
reduction at 6-m compared to 3-m and in group L compared to
group O. Throughout follow-up period of 15.3±4.2 months, no case
progressed to atypical EH or carcinoma. At the end of follow-up,
the frequency of higher satisfaction grades was significantly
higher in group L compared to group O. Conclusion: LNG-IUS
is safe and efficient therapeutic modality for SEH in women with
AUB. LNG-IUS significantly reduced hysterectomy rate and
duration and severity of bleeding with high satisfaction rates.
LNG-IUS could be used as prophylactic therapy as no patient
progressed to atypia or cancer.
[Ahmed
M. Abdelaziz & Mahmoud Abosrie. Levonorgestrel-releasing
intrauterine system is An Efficient Therapeutic Modality for
Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia. J Am Sci
2013;9(11):417-424]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
52
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.52
Key Words:
Abnormal uterine bleeding,
Progestin therapy, Simple endometrial hyperplasia, Histological
response |
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Incidence of Cytomegalovirus Infection among Blood donors at
Tripoli City, Libya
Abdulbaset. M. Abusetta1 M. A. B.Gamal2
and Fathia A. Ben saed3
1 Pathology
Department, Faculty of Medical Technology, Tripoli University,
Tripoli, Libya
2 Microbiology
Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo,
Egypt
3Tripoli Health Care,
Ministery of Health, Libya.
abustta@yahoo.com
Abstract: Background:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause congenital infection and
opportunistic infection in AIDS patients, and severe clinical
problems in immunocompromised patients, eg during the
first three months after renal transplantation. Transmission of
the virus can occur via sexual contact, congenital infection,
organ transplantation and blood transfusion.
The aim of this
study:
was to assess the incidence and risk of infection among blood
donors in 220 blood donors who underwent anti-CMV IgG and IgM
antibody screening using ELISA technique. Also all specimens
were tested by immunostaining to compare the relation between
the seropositivity for both CMV-IgM and CMV IgG antibodies and
immunofluorescence CMV antigenemia assay.
Results & discussion: One
hundred and eighty-six blood and serum samples were collected
during January to August 2012 from the blood donors at the blood
bank of EspeiaTeaching Hospital, Tripoli, Libya. Their ages were
varied between <25->45 years. All specimens were tested by
immunostaining and ELISA methods. The results proved that the
percentage of blood donors with CMV antibodies was quite high,
as indicated by, twenty cases were seropositive for CMV-IgM and
one hundred and fourty six cases were seropositive for CMV-IgG.
The results of the present study showed that there were no
significant differences concerning seropositivity for CMV(IgG)
and CMV(IgM) between different personal status. Nearly there was
no apparent effect of surgical operation on seropositivity for
CMV(IgG) and CMV(IgM). The lowest percentage of seropositive
cases for CMV(IgG) in blood donors was in non educated women and
the highest percentage of seropositive cases for CMV(IgG) in
blood donors was among high school blood donors. The percentages
of seropositive cases for CMV (IgG) in blood donors were
approximately more or less the same among the different groups
of occupation. An opposite results were observed with CMV(IgM),
where the highest percentage of seropositive cases was observed
in blood donors with administrative jobs and the lowest
percentages of seropositive cases was among hospital worker
blood donors. Higher percentage of seropositive cases for
CMV(IgM), were found with those blood donors received blood
transfusion one or more than one time, compared with blood
donors that did not received blood transfusion. The results
indicated that the percentage of seropositive cases for CMV(IgG)
is more or less equal for blood donors living in urban areas and
those living in rural areas. However, an opposite results were
observed with CMV(IgM), where the percentage of seropositive
cases for CMV(IgM) is lower in blood donors living in urban
areas than those living in rural areas. The results of comparing
the relation between seropositivity for CMV-antibodies
illustrated that eighteen specimens (9.7%) gave positive results
by immunostaining, twenty cases were seropositive for CMV-IgM
and one hundred and fourty six cases were seropositive for
CMV-IgG. Conclusion and recommendation: immunostaining
along with ELISA detection of antibodies was useful to avoid CMV
transmission through blood transfusion.
[Abdulbaset. M. Abusetta, M. A. B.Gamal and Fathia A.
Ben saed.
Incidence of Cytomegalovirus Infection among Blood donors at
Tripoli City, Libya.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):425-431]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
53
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.53
Keywords:
Cytomegalovirus and Blood donors |
Full Text |
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Characterization of alginate polymer and its application in
copper removal from liquid wastes
M.S. Mahmoud1
and Ahmed M. Abou Elmagd2
1Sanitary
and Environmental institute (SEI), Housing and Building National
Research Center (HBRC), Egypt
2Department
of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering – Shoubra, Benha
University, Egypt
mphdmicro2012@yahoo.com1,
ahmedcivil2003@yahoo.com2
Abstract: Copper
is one of the most dangerous pollutants that require removal
from wastewater effluents before being discharged. Here are
reported on the adsorption performance of
a
novel environmental friendly material, calcium alginate
gel beads as a non-conventional technique for the successful
removal of copper ions from aqueous solution. Batch equilibrium
studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity and
process parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosages, initial metal
ion concentrations, stirring rates and contact times. It was
observed that, the maximum removal of copper ions was occurred
at pH 5.0 ± 0.02. An adsorbent dose of 1 g/L was optimum for
copper ions removal within an equilibrium time. For all contact
times, an increase in copper ions concentration resulted in
decrease in the percent of copper ions removal (91.98%–49.96%)
and an increase in adsorption capacity (4.59 – 49.93 mg/g) for
copper ions concentrations 5 and 100 ppm, respectively. The
mechanical stirring speeds greatly enhance the mass transfer
rate of copper ions onto the adsorbent indicating 250 rpm is the
optimum. The removal of copper ions occurs rapidly within the
two hours (equilibrium time), followed by a slow removal
process. The Langmuir and Freundlich's isothermal models were
used to describe the experimental adsorption. The equilibrium
adsorption data were well fitted to Langmuir isotherms (R2
= 0.9959) and the maximum adsorption capacities of the calcium
alginate gel beads were found to be (87.5%, 17.5 mg/g) were
obtained at the optimum conditions on a Jar test at temperature
25 ± 3°C
for copper ions concentration 20ppm. The calcium alginate gel
beads were characterized using Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
[M.S. Mahmoud and Ahmed M. Abou Elmagd.
Characterization of alginate polymer and its application in
copper removal from liquid wastes.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):432-439]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.americanscience.org.
54
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.54
Key words:
copper
sorption,
alginate polymer,
Equilibrium,
heavy metals, adsorption, isothermal models |
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An Integrated
Model for Knowledge Management and Electronic Customer
Relationship Management
Wael Hadi 1, *, Jaber Al-Widian
2, Samer
Alhawari3
1.
University of
Petra, Amman, Jordan
2.
Arab Open
University, Riyadh, KSA
3.
The World Islamic
Sciences and Education University, Amman, Jordan
whadi@uop.edu.jo,
j.alwedyan@arabou.edu.sa,
samer.alhawari@yahoo.com
Abstract: It is generally
accepted that due to globalization, competition is becoming more
intense and organizations are now able to or forced to open
newer markets with different paradigms. As a result, Knowledge
Management (KM) has been increasingly recognized as the most
important and valuable asset in organizations and as a key
differentiating factor in Electronic Customer Relationship
Management (ECRM). The aim of this paper is to present a
conceptual framework of KM integrated with ECRM called
Electronic Customer Knowledge Relationship Management (ECKRM)
process, based on investigation of various models presented in
KM and Customer Knowledge. The main emphasis was focused on the
concept of Electronic customer knowledge (electronic knowledge
about customer, electronic knowledge for customer, electronic
knowledge from customer). Therefore, the paper will describe a
more valid process to acquire new electronic customer, retain
existing electronic customer, and finally expand the
relationship with Electronic customer.
[Wael Hadi, Jaber
Al-Widian, Samer Alhawari.
An Integrated Model for Knowledge
Management and Electronic Customer Relationship Management.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):440-447].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
55
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.55
Key words: Knowledge
Management (KM), Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM),
Customer Knowledge, and Customer satisfaction. |
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Trans nasal powered endoscopic
dacryocystorhinostomy with and without stenting
Ibrahim A. Abdelshafy1.and
Faried M. Wagdy.2
1Otolaryngology
Department. Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Egypt.
2Ophthalmology
Department. Menoufiya Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University,
Egypt.
Ibrahim_ent@yahoo.com
Abstract: Study design;
prospective randomized comparative study Objective: To
compare the effectiveness of powered endoscopic
endonasaldacryocystorhinostomy with and without stenting in
patients with epiphora. Methods: An endoscopic
dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR) was performed in 40 patients
diagnosed as having epiphora or chronic dacryocystitis due to
complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction with patent canaliculi.
the patients in this study were divided into 2 groups; group A;
20 patients (with stent = lacrimal tube) and group B; 20
patients (without stent). The surgery was performed in all
patients by the same nasal surgeon andophthalmic surgeon.
Results: In group A;17 patients (85 %(fulfilled
the criteria of success while there were3 patients (15 %)
withfailure, Revisionendoscopic DCR was performed in these cases
and it improved subsequently. In group B; 18 (90 %) fulfilled
the criteria of successwhile 2 cases (10 %) with failure was
reported. Revision endoscopic DCR was performed in these cases
and it improved subsequently, although the success rate in group
B was more than that in group A, it was statistically
non-significant Conclusion: powered endoscopic
endonasaldacryocystorhinostomy with and without stenting are
effective and safe techniques in treatment of epiphora with more
good results with EDCR without stent.
[Ibrahim
A. Abdelshafy. & Faried M. Wagdy. Trans nasal powered
endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with and without stenting.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):448-451]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
56
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.56
Key Words:
Trans; nasal; endoscopic
dacryocystorhinostomy; stenting |
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Conjunctival and Corneal Calcifications in Hemodialysis
Patients: Is There Any Correlation With Vascular Calcifications?
Said Khamis1, Ahmed Zahran1, Mahmoud Emara1,
Ahmed Basha2, Ahmed El-Sheikh3
1
Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology unit, Faculty of
Medicine, Menofia University
2
Ahmed Maher Teaching hospital, Nephrology Department
3
Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Ophthalmology Department
ahmed173@hotmail.com
Abstract: Background:
Vascular and soft tissue calcifications are prevalent in
hemodialysis patients. Mortality of hemodialysis patients are
likely linked to both vascular and soft tissue calcifications.
The aim of current study is to find relation between vascular
calcificationswithconjunctival and corneal calcifications (CCC)
and their relations to biochemical parameters in hemodialysis
patients. Methods: A total of 88 patients on regular
hemodialysis were studied for vascular calcifications using
lateral abdominal x ray for aortic calcifications and for CCC
using slit lamb examination. The cohort was divided according to
the presence or absence of vascular calcifications and again
according to the presence or absence of CCC. Clinical,
biochemical and imaging parameters were compared among studied
groups. Results: Serum phosphorus, calcium x phosphorus
products (Ca x P), intact parathormone (iPTH) and urea post
dialysis were significantly different when compared patients
with vascular calcifications against those without. Serum
phosphorus, (Ca x P), (iPTH), body mass index and duration of
dialysis were significantly different when compared patients
with CCC against those without. Regression analysis and
receiving operation characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated that
(iPTH) was the only predictor for both vascular and CCC with cut
off values 702 Pg/ml and 533 Pg/ml andarea under the curve (AUC)
of 0.706 and 0.786 respectively. Conclusions: Intact PTH
is the predictor of both vascular and CCC. Soft tissue
calcifications may precede vascular calcifications in
hemodialysis patients. Intact PTH levels should not exceed 533
Pg/ml in hemodialysis patients. Meta-analysis study is needed to
confirm our results and assess other sites for soft tissue
calcifications and also to assess the effect of controlling (iPTH)
on regression of both vascular and CCC.
[Said
Khamis, Ahmed Zahran, Mahmoud Emara, Ahmed Bashaand Ahmed
El-Sheikh. Conjunctival and Corneal Calcifications in
Hemodialysis Patients: Is There Any Correlation With Vascular
Calcifications?
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):452-458]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.americanscience.org.
57
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.57
Key words:
Hemodialysis, Vascular calcifications, Conjunctival and corneal
calcifications (CCC), Soft tissue calcification. |
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Nuclear magnetic resonance as
a breakthrough frontier in fragment-based drug design
Morkos A. Henen1,2,
Laila Abou-Zeid1, Alaa El-Din Barghash1
and Hassan M. Eisa1
1.Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. 2. Max F.
Perutz laboratories, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria
morkos_henen@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The fragment-based drug design (FBDD)
is one of the main two approaches that are used in drug design
(in addition to the high-throughput screening). The main
obstacle that faces this approach is the weak binding affinity
of the tested fragments with the biological targets (the
proteins for example). From here, the need for a sensitive
technique to elucidate this binding had emerged. Among the most
sensitive techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance is one of
leading approaches. NMR not only provides the sensitivity but
also flexibility due to the richness of the approach with
different techniques, which can be used. It’s possible to
monitor the binding depending on the resonances of the binding
ligand (which means that the protein spins will be only in the
background not recorded). This can offer a quick way to measure
the binding of moderate to weak binding ligands without the need
for labeling the protein or running long multidimensional
experiments. Alternatively, measuring the binding by observing
the protein spins offers a unique prospect not only to test the
binding but also to map the binding site on atomic scale.
Herein, we describe and review different techniques and examples
of the use of NMR to test binding of small fragments with
different biological targets.
[Henen MA, Abou-Zeid L, Barghash
A, Eisa H. Nuclear magnetic resonance as a breakthrough
frontier in fragment-based drug design.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):459-466].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 58
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.58
Keywords:
NMR, Fragment-based drug design,
HSQC, STD-NMR, AFP-NOESY |
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Physicians Knowledge of prescribing antibiotics for acute Upper
Respiratory Tract Infection
Awwad Alenezy1, Fayez Alenezy 2,
Al dhafeeri Obaid Manzel3 and Basem M.M. Salama1
1Family
and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern
Border University (KSA)
2Primary
Health Care Center, Ministry of Health, Riyadh (KSA)
3Radiology
Department, Dammam Medical Complex
awwad4321@gmail.com
Abstract: Background:
Upper respiratory
tract infection (URTI) is a nonspecific term used to describe
acute infections involving the nose, ear, Para nasal sinuses and
the throat. Although 90 %-95 % of upper respiratory tract
infections are viral in origin, antibiotics often used to treat
viral URTI. However, frequent inappropriate antibiotic use
contributes to the emergence of drug-resistance bacterial
pathogens. It is not recommended to use antibiotics to treat
URTI and when indicated to use narrow instead of broad-spectrum
antibiotics. The aim
of this study was to asses
knowledge of physicians toward using antibiotics in treatment of
upper respiratory tract infection. Subject and methods:
A cross sectional study was conducted
covering both emergency room and family medicine department. A
stratified random sampling technique was used.
Results: The study involved 70 physicians, 14(6.1
%) physicians from emergency room and 56
(92.9
%) physicians from family medicine department. Their mean ages were 38.55 % (SD±
9.21). Saudi nationality accounted for 28.6 % of physicians. Out
of the total interviewed physicians, 60.3 % prescribed
antibiotics for patients diagnosed to have upper respiratory
tract infection. The most common indication to start antibiotics
immediately was purulent discharge. Most physicians 57.1 %
follow up their patients to asses the response antibiotics. Only
4.4 % of physicians never prescribed antibiotics for patients
diagnosed to have URTI and their main reason was that URTI is
viral in origin. However, 61.4 % would start antibiotics if
patients had exudates in the throat. According to position
7(77.8%) of consultants, 8(61.5%) of specialists, 9(52.9%)
residents and 10(34.5) GPs having high score. Conclusion:
Unnecessary antibiotic for the treatment of URTI is still
prescribing. It is a common unsuitable physician practice.
Physicians who have high qualifications should play a major role
in decreasing this problem.
[Awwad
Alenezy, Fayez Alenezy, aAl dhafeeri Obaid
Manzel and Basem M.M. Salama.
Physicians Knowledge of prescribing antibiotics for acute Upper
Respiratory Tract Infection.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):467-472]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
59
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.59
Key Words:
Upper respiratory tract infection, knowledge, physicians and
antibiotic. |
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Building Quranic reader voice
interface using sphinx toolkit
1Yacine
Yekache, 1Belkacem Kouninef, 1Yekhlef
Mekelleche,
2Senouci
Mohamed
1Institut
National des Télécommunications et des Technologies de
l’Information et de la Communication
INTTIC,
Laboratoire LaRATIC – Oran, ALGERIA
2Departement
Informatique & Mathematique, Université Oran, ALGERIA
Corresponding author:
yyekache@ito.dz
Abstract:
In this paper we investigated the
building of a quranic reader controlled by speech. This system
is based on open source CMU Sphinx toolkit, which represents an
HMM speech recognition toolkit built for English language, and
tuned by us to support Arabic. For this purpose, we have
collected a speech corpus called "Quranic Reader Command and
Control Corpus" QRCCC from several speakers using web Java
applet to train the HMM acoustic model. The performances of this
model were tested by varying the training parameters "the number
of Gaussians Mixtures and Senones" using Pocket Sphinx decoder. The model with the best parameters was chosen to be integrated
in a demo application built using Sphinx-4 to perform
recognition.
[Yekkache Y, Kouninef B,
Mekelleche Y.
Senouci M.
Building Quranic reader voice
interface using sphinx toolkit.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):473-479]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 60
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.60
Keywords:
arabic speech recognition;
quranic reader; speech corpus; HMM; acoustic model. |
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Characterization of Banach spaces to have the approximation
property
Osama Tantawy, Alaa Eldeen Hamza Sayed and
Mahmoud Zaghrout
Mathematics Dept., Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Zmm.mahmoud@yahoo.com
Abstract:
In this paper we study some results about the approximation
property on Banach spaces (B-Spaces). We give a sufficient
condition using trace mapping for a Banach space to posses
metric approximation property. We also study the approximation
property for dual spaces. We prove that a Banach sapce has the
bounded approximation property if the identity operator belongs
to the closure of the collection of bounded and finite rank
operators with the weak operator topology. Also a Banach space
has the bounded weak approximation property if every compact
operator on it belongs to the closure of the collection of
finite rank operators with the weak operator topology.
[Osama Tantawy, Alaa Eldeen Hamza Sayed and Mahmoud Zaghrout.
Characterization of Banach spaces to have the approximation
property
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):480-484]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 61
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.61
Keywords:
approximation property, dual spaces |
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Study of Eating Habits for Children with
Autism at Assiut City
Emad K. Abd El-haliem1, Soaad Abed El
hamed Sharkawy 2; Amal Ahmed Mobarak,3and
Nahed Thabet Mohamed3
Phonetics - Faculty of Medicine, Assiut
University, Egypt.
Community Health Nursing- Faculty of Nursing,
Assiut University, Egypt.
Pediatric Nursing- Faculty of Nursing, Assiut
University, Egypt.
Abstract: The aim
of this study is to investigate the eating habits for children
with autism. A descriptive research design and convenient sample
was used in this study. This study was conducted at autism
private centers, Female Association in Assuit University, Assuit
Rehabilitation center and Sedey Galal Subtends' Health Insurance
Clinc in Assiut city. The total number of sample was 112
children diagnosed with autism. To collect data an interview
questionnaire was used. It consists of four main parts: part I:
includes items related to children's and parents'
socio-demographic characteristics. Part II: includes items
related to history of disease. Part III: includes items related
to child eating habits. Part IV: includes items related to
nutritional assessment. Results: More than half of studied
children were of aged ranging from 6- <12 years. The majority of
them were males and the vast majority of them live in urban
areas. More than two thirds of mothers and three quarters of
fathers had high level of education. 41.1% of children had very
active level. The majority of the studied sample had good
appetite for specific food and all children favorite
carbohydrate; therefore (60.7%) of them did not receive balanced
diet. Also; nearly half of children (46.4%) had good eating
during watching TV. The majority of children received medication
that affect their appetite. As regards BMI, 42.0% of the studied
children were overweight. There was a statistically significant
differences between child appetite and health problems (take
medication and GIT problems) P= 0.001. The present study
concluded that children with autism spectrum demonstrated a less
varied diet feeding behavior and limited interests and
difficulty in accepting change and types of foods that affected
child weight. Recommendation: continuous health education and
counseling programs are necessary to improve mother's knowledge
toward nutrition of their autistic children, early detection for
nutritional problems through systematic assessment and planned
screening programs.
[Emad
Abd El-haliem, Soaad Abed El hamed Sharkawy;
Amal Ahmed Mobarak and Nahed Thabet Mohamed. Study of
Eating Habits for Children with Autism at Assiut City. J
Am Sci 2013;9(11):485-496]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 62
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.62
Keywords: autism,
feeding problems, nutrition, food selectivity. |
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Effect of Aromatherapy Abdominal Massage using Peppermint Versus
Ginger oils on Primary Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Girls
Sahar Anwar Rizk
Obstetric and Gynecologica Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing,
Alexandria University, Egypt.
soanwar@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD)
is one type of painful menstruation. Because of recent concerns
about pharmacological therapy, several studies investigated the
efficacy of numerous non pharmacological therapy for the relief
of dysmenorrhea such as aromatherapy. Aromatherapy is the
therapeutic use of essential oils obtained from plants.
Currently there is a lack of sound evidence regarding the
appropriate use of aromatherapy for
menstrual cramps. Therefore,
this study aimed to identify the effect of
aromatherapy abdominal massage using peppermint versus
ginger oils on primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls.
Setting: The study was
conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University in
Egypt. The sample comprised a 120 eligible nursing
students who were suffering of moderate to severe primary
dysmenorrhea. They were
randomly assigned equally into 3 groups: study group (1)
had received aromatherapy massage by peppermint oil.
Study group (2) had received
aromatherapy massage by ginger oil. Control group (3) had
received massage by almond oil. Each subjects in the three
groups received 15 minutes of aromatherapy, once
daily for five consecutive days prior to menstruation for
two successive cycles using a randomized control clinical trial
study design. Three tools
were validated and used for data
collection; basic data
and menstrual history interview schedule,
Visual Analogue pain intensity Scale (VAS)and
Menstrual symptom questionnaire (MSQ).
Results: The
main study findings show that, before intervention there was no
statistically significant difference
between the study and control groups
regarding the severity of primery dysmenorrhea and its
associated symptoms. Yet, students who received aromatherapy
massage with either peppermint or ginger oils showed
significantly reduction on the
severity of dysmenorrhea and its location as well as daily life
activities than control group,
one and
two months after intervention. Duration of pain,
anorexia, diarrhea and/or constipation and level of mood were
significantly improved among study group who received
aromatherapy massage with peppermint oil.
On the other hand
nausea /vomiting, dizziness/ fatigue and headache were
significantly improved among study group who received
aromatherapy massage with ginger oil than the other two groups. The
study Concluded that aromatherapy by either peppermint or
ginger oils is effective in alleviating menstrual pain and its
location. Peppermint is effective in improving the duration of
pain,
anorexia, diarrhea and/or constipation and level of mood. While ginger is effective in relieving
nausea /vomiting, dizziness/ fatigue and headache.
[Sahar Anwar Rizk.
Effect of Aromatherapy Abdominal Massage using
Peppermint Versus Ginger on primary dysmenorrhea among
adolescent girls.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):497-505].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
63
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.63
Key Words:
dysmenorrhea;
adolescents; primary dysmenorrhea, complementary and
alternative medicine (CAM), aromatherapy, massage. |
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[J Am Sci 2013;9(11):606-610]. (ISSN:
1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
64.
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.64
withdrawn
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Concentration of Zinc in the
Human Blood in Cases of Tuberculosis
1Amjad
T. Shaktur, 1Ali M. Abuhalfaya, 1,2,3 and
Abdurrahman K. Najjar
1-Department
of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Faculty of Medical Technology,
Tripoli University
2-
Aboslim trauma Hospital, Tripoli-Libya
3-
Diabetes and endocrine glands hospital, Tripoli-Libya
Libyanvetinpoland@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract:
The present study was aimed
to investigate the serum level of zinc (Zn) in cases suffering
from tuberculosis (TB) in Libya before and after treatment. The
research was conducted on 60 cases. A total of 60 cases were
divided into three groups: A, B in clinical form of TB. caused
by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and C healthy people,
considered as control group. Zn concentration in Serum was
measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry method,
before and after treatment and compared with control group. The
level of Zn concentration expressed as μg/dl are shown in our
results: the lowest Zn was before treatment (69.88 μg/dl),
slightly Increased during treatment (73.60 μg/dl), and increased
after treatment (79.88μg/dl) and the highest Zn concentration
was in control group (81.10 μg/dl). From our study, we can
measuring the serum level of Zn in TB patients in addition to
the other examinations as direct microscopy and culture of M.
tuberculosis would be more helpful to physicians in the
diagnosis of TB.
[Amjad T. Shaktur, Ali
M. Abuhalfaya and Abdurrahman K. Najjar.
Concentration of Zinc in the
Human Blood in Cases of Tuberculosis.
J Am Sci 2013;9(11):511-513].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
65
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.65
Key words:
Zinc, Antioxidants, prooxidants, TB. |
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65
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Evaluation of Ovarian Reserve
Following Bilateral Internal Iliac Artery Ligation for Severe
Obstetric Hemorrhage
Abou Saeda M.R., Rabie N. H.,
Afify N.S. and El Taieb E. M.
Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo
Egypt
Noha.rabei@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Objective:
The aim of the study was to assess the ovarian reserve by measuring the
anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and assessing the antral follicular
count (AFC) after bilateral internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL)
for severe obstetric hemorrhage. Methods: It was
a retrospective study which was carried out at Ain Shams
Maternity Hospital in the period from February 2011 to April
2013. 17 matched pair of patients who delivered in the period
from 2006 to 2010 were included in the study. The study group
had bilateral IIAL for severe obstetric hemorrhage. AMH and AFC
were assessed on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle.
Results: AMH and AFC were significantly decreased in the
study group (P<0.001) than in the control group.
Conclusion: Ovarian reserve was decreased after
bilateral IIAL for severe obstetric hemorrhage.
[Abou
Saeda M.R., Rabie N.H., Afify N.S. and El Taieb E.M.
Evaluation of
Ovarian Reserve Following Bilateral Internal Iliac Artery
Ligation for Severe Obstetric Hemorrhage.
J Am Sci
2013;9(11):514-518]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
http://www.jofamericanscience.org.
66
doi:10.7537/marsjas091113.66
Keywords:
Ovarian reserve, anti-Müllerian hormone, antral
follicular count, bilateral internal iliac artery ligation. |
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66 |
The
manuscripts in this issue are presented as online first for
peer-review, starting from
September 15, 2013.
All
comments are welcome:
editor@americanscience.org;
americansciencej@gmail.com,
or contact with author(s) directly.
For back issues of the Journal of American Science, click here.
Emails:
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